Landolt syndrome

**Landolt syndrome** is a rare hereditary disease that is characterized by the presence of excess pigmentation of the skin and hair, as well as abnormal development of the limbs. This condition was described in 1757 by the Italian pediatrician Ranulf Ferdinand Landolt, who called it hyperpigmentation of the skin of the face and neck. Skin pigmentation can vary in degree, ranging from pale pink to dark brown, and is sometimes covered in hairs. Excess pigmentation occurs in both men and women, but is more common in women.

**Prerequisites for the disease** Known

Landolt syndrome is a rare disease that occurs in children and young adults. The main reason for the development of the syndrome is hereditary predisposition. The disease is an abnormality in the development of the visual cortex of the brain. Symptoms can vary from person to person, ranging from complete blindness to partial loss of vision.

The disease has several forms, but the most common is Landolt-Sandhoff syndrome. In most cases, this visual impairment is observed in boys, mainly in the first year of life. The main symptoms of this form of the disease are: - Lack of reaction to light; - Difficulty in identifying large objects; - Gradual deterioration of vision; - Watery eyes in newborns.

The main causes of the syndrome are heredity and alcohol abuse during pregnancy by the mother of the child. It can also be caused by trauma or infection of the meninges. Most rarely, the disease occurs as a result of poisoning the body with any toxic substances or viral infections.

Treatment of Landolt syndrome consists of a set of measures. It continues for a long time and requires specialized approaches in the form of the use of a number of medications, physiotherapy, and massage. Often, people with Landolt syndrome are not recommended to engage in work activities that require