Nephrosis

Nephrosis is a chronic non-inflammatory kidney disease characterized by impaired permeability of glomerular membranes and the development of persistent nephrotic syndrome.

With nephrosis, increased permeability of the glomerular basement membranes to blood plasma protein occurs. This leads to significant loss of protein in the urine (proteinuria more than 3.5 g/day). Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia also develop.

Primary and secondary nephrosis are distinguished. Primary nephrosis is caused by primary kidney damage. Secondary nephrosis develops with systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis).

The main forms of primary nephrosis:

1. Lipoid nephrosis

2. Membranous nephrosis

3. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Diagnosis of nephrosis is based on urine analysis, determination of proteinuria and creatinine clearance. Treatment includes diet therapy, diuretics, and drugs that improve metabolic processes in the renal glomeruli. If drug treatment is ineffective, hemodialysis or kidney transplantation is performed.

The prognosis for nephrosis is generally serious, depending on the form and stage of the disease. With timely treatment, long-term remissions are possible.