Pneumothorax Coat-shaped

Pneumothorax pltis is a subcutaneous emphysema of the soft tissues of the chest wall, which develops with pneumothorox (gas entry under the pleura) and limits movement and respiratory excursions of the chest.

Plaque-like P. can be observed not only when a foreign body gets under the pleura, but also when the chest wall and pleura are damaged with the formation of a communication between the cavities of the pleura. The onset of the disease is usually observed an hour or two after the injury. The tumor quickly reaches large sizes. It can start later and be very persistent. Indirect research methods help in diagnosing pneumothoropx: percussion allows you to determine free gas, displacement of the mediastinum to the painful side, changes in the pulmonary pattern; in some cases, auscultatory crepitus is noted. If a study is carried out between inhalation and exhalation, then areas of swelling or retraction of lung tissue can be determined. Of the direct visualization methods, the most informative is bronchoscopy. It is important to rule out internal bleeding, pneumogenic pneumonia, and penetrating injury. P.'s treatment in adults includes relief of swelling in the affected area and its delimitation. At the puncture site, a puncture of the pleural space is performed, and hydrocortisone 5 ml mixed with penicillin 2 million units is injected through the catheter. Then a tube is inserted from the chest, preventing the spontaneous release of air and reducing venous congestion. The breathing tube also contributes to partial rarefaction of the pleural cavity and stimulates fluid absorption. Through a bronchoscope, substances that suppress bronchial secretion can be injected under the membranes of the chest mucosa. If there is an array of free fluid in the pleura and blockage of 3-4 bronchi, the contents of the pleural membrane are evacuated with a syringe during endobronchial and intrapleural aspiration. Fluid transfusion during intravenous infusions should be combined with the administration of diuretics, which promote the removal of exudate. The chest wall after puncture must be treated with a denatured caustic soda electrode for 1–2 hours. The hospitalization period is about a week.