Cardiomyopathy Congestive

Congestive cardiomyopathy or congestive right-sided cardiomyopathy, also known as Prader-Willi disease, is usually diagnosed in middle-aged and older children, more often in boys, and less often in adults. The disease begins with heart failure and manifests itself in the same way as in people with a healthy heart - with shortness of breath, increased heart rate, and attacks of rapid heartbeat. Congestive cardiomyopathic disease is usually preceded by alarming symptoms such as increased fatigue, headache, fatigue, pale skin, chest pain, and attacks of dizziness, which people perceive as a temporary condition of the disease along with weakness and loss of appetite. Some children over 4 years of age experience changes in the rhythm and frequency of their heartbeat. Congenital cardiomyopathic diseases are a condition in which the heart muscle develops incorrectly. The heart muscle of an adult is an uncontrolled, abnormal, enlarged or decreased disease that causes irregular convulsions, as evidenced by extrasystole - an irregular, sometimes chaotic, rhythmic and orderly contraction of the muscles, completely or predominantly covering the characteristic correct contraction. Cardiac contraction as the cause of the development of extrasystoles, due to which there is a violation of the contractions of individual muscle fibers, is currently considered as a syndrome of the recurrent phenomenon - the premature release of some electrical impulses during heart contraction, known as the phenomena of return of abductor potentials occurring outside the electrocardiogram cycle . The extrasystolic heart rate changes throughout the day and over time - it can stabilize by the hour, lengthening in periods of 2.5 hours, the so-called polar oscillations of the rhythm, the intervals between which are equal to the intervals of cardiac respiration - a state of freezing of the heart or a state of sudden increase in heart rate - rest. During pauses, the heart will rest - for example, in the morning.

The article will discuss the features of the occurrence, course and treatment of congestive cardiomyopathy (congestive heart failure) - a pathological condition characterized by dysfunction of the heart muscle caused by its overload or ischemia, and leading to the accumulation of fluid in the body, the appearance of edema and a decrease in cardiac output.

This pathology is widespread among people and can lead to disruption of the functioning of various organs and systems of the body. In this case, the article will be devoted to consideration of the main causes and symptoms of congestive cardiomyopathy, as well as possible methods of treating this condition.

Cardiomyopathy as a disease was recognized by medicine quite recently. However, it is currently being actively studied and recognized as an independent pathological condition. According to the World Health Organization, in 2016 there were about 24 million people in the world with congestive heart failure, and it also occurs in the majority of older people, in whom symptoms of the disease may first appear only after 40 years, and in children the incidence of pathology accounts for 2% of cases.

In our country, the disease incidence rates are even worse - according to statistics, there are only 8-9 cases of the disease per 250 thousand population. Among the causes of pathology, the use of alcohol and nicotine is widespread, which has largely contributed to the increase in life expectancy, however, due to the fact that life has more than doubled, the problem of morbidity has also increased.

There are many reasons for the occurrence of this pathology: due to high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, inflammation, acute and chronic infection and other reasons, ischemia of the heart muscle can develop. As we age, the heart muscle becomes less elastic. Symptoms of congestive heart failure occur, which is manifested by aching pain in the chest, shortness of breath with minor physical exertion, swelling of the lower extremities and face, decreased performance, and periodic feelings of increased fatigue. To diagnose pathology, electrocardiography, a blood test for total protein, potassium and magnesium, and an ultrasound of the heart are used, which makes it possible to detect a decrease in the contractility of the heart muscle and the presence of changes in its walls. During treatment, a diagnosis of one or another type of disease is carried out (the effectiveness of treatment depends on the type of disorder), drug and non-drug therapy. Various devices and devices (magnets, electrophoresis, massagers, etc.) have proven themselves well. However, it is necessary to take into account that treatment must be carried out individually, therefore, before using the techniques, consultation with a specialist is required. In no case should treatment be neglected: usually the outcome of a progressive disease is fatal.

Congestive cardiomyopathy (congestive heart) is a disease in which moderate organic and functional disorders of the cardiovascular system are detected from the very beginning of the disease. Incomplete compensatory hyperfunction of the heart is not an independent diagnosis, but a consequence of another disease. In this case, there is not a decrease, but an increase in the number of heart contractions, which entails an increase in the activity of both blood pressure and stroke volume. The congestive type of the disease often develops in women who, after 60 years (at least after 50 years), systematically suffer from a deficiency of carnitine, glucose, and beta-adrenergic substances. The risk of developing the disease increases if women have obesity or coronary artery disease, hypertension, rheumatism of the joints, diabetes mellitus, neurocirculatory dystonia, low blood pressure, physical inactivity, low pulse, osteoporosis, thyrotoxicosis, hypoglycemia, MEN syndrome, gout, psoriasis, portal hypertension and Stid's disease. Preibinger, amyloidosis. The occurrence of congestive cardiomyopathy in such chronic pathological conditions is explained by the fact that during the development of these diseases there is often significant damage to the heart parenchyma (death of its cells), as well as a decrease in the total content of carnitine palmitoyltransferase, which sharply reduces the ability of myocytes to perform contractile physical work in patients suffering from the listed diseases. Often among patients with CCM there are people with diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, congenital and acquired heart disease with a mitral valve defect, metabolic syndrome, myocardial dystrophy in the elderly. The development of the disease can be facilitated by any long-term intercurrent diseases that cause damage to the valve apparatus, an increase in the pre-total volume of the LV and a decrease in its SV, a decrease in heart rate. In some cases, the basis for the onset of the development of the disease several months or years after the provocative pathological condition that caused it is immune and autoimmune processes. The development of PCM can occur in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal fever, chronic gastritis, pulmonary artery calcification, and calcification of the walls of the great vessels. As a result of the inflammatory process in patients, myocardial cells and coronary vessels are affected, a left atrium aneurysm and pulmonary edema appear. In many cases, these initial stages become the main cause of premature pregnancy.