Oligodendroglioma

Oligodendroxitoma, or oligodendrogliomata, is a rare but potentially malignant tumor of the nervous system, also called supporting tissue astrocytoma. The disease mainly affects young people aged 18 to 35 years. Most often diagnosed in men, 2-3 times less often in women. Patients of childhood and adolescence account for less than 6% of primary cases of development.

If the doctor suspects oligodendrocloma of the brain, what kind of disease is it? Given the predominant location of the tumor in the brain stem, neurosurgeons often question the diagnosis of parkinsonism and related parkinsonism. However, it is not always only the basal ganglia that suffers from this pathology; there is a wide category of patients with the growth of atypical cells beyond their limits.

**Oligodendrolipoma** is a rare type of benign glial tumor. Its main structural unit is elongated, rarely branching cells that perform the function of “wires,” that is, transmitting impulses from the axon of one neuron to another, i.e. functional connections. Therefore, oligophlegliomas are often called connective tumors in the literature. They occur at any age, but more often in the 2nd-3rd decades of life; men are more often affected; their ratio in patients of this age is 2.5:1. According to the Scientific Center for Neurosurgery named after. Academician N. N. Burdenko RAMS, in men this ratio changes to 3:7

Oligodendogliomas account for 30% of all gliomas. Multiple oligodenomas spread mainly from the posterior column of the spinal cord, brain stem, cerebellum and sixth ventricle. Usually only one oligodendomal cell is affected, less often - a set of cells: cords, wedge-shaped nodules or cisterns. The combination of these tumor-like growths is conventionally called cystic-meningeal dingioma. **The disease most often occurs in children and adolescents under 15 years of age.** *Depending on the location, oligodendoba can occur in the following forms:* * craniocervical (fronto-orbital-temporal, fronto-parietal or inferoorbital) form, the lesion begins in the area pyramid of the temporal bone, extends to the ethmoid bone in front and the lateral part of the frontal lobe; proptosis, ophthalmoplegia, sensory neuropathy on the affected side are observed; * the duralgic form occurs in the median structures of the occipital part, the posterolateral surfaces of the trunk and medulla oblongata and along the posterior surface of the lower jaw; paresthesia occurs in areas of the skin innervated by the tongue, facial asymmetry, and rigidity of the tongue muscles; *cerebral form appears in