Oligosaccharides

Oligosaccharides are complex carbohydrates consisting of several monosaccharide units. They are an integral part of the cell walls of plants and microorganisms, and also play an important role in the human immune system.

Oligosaccharides can be synthesized from various monosaccharides, such as glucose, fructose, galactose, etc. They can have different structures and chain lengths, which determine their properties and functions.

One of the main functions of oligosaccharides is to ensure the strength of cell walls and protect plants from bacteria and fungi. Oligosaccharides also play a role in the body's immune response as they are able to activate certain cells of the immune system and trigger the production of antibodies.

In humans, oligosaccharides can be found in some foods such as fruits, vegetables, grains and dairy products. However, the most important source of oligosugars for humans is the intestinal microflora.

One of the most famous oligosaccharides is inulin, which is found in the tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and other plants. Inulin has prebiotic properties, that is, it is not digested in the stomach and intestines, but is fermented by intestinal microflora. This leads to an increase in the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestines and improved digestion.

In addition, oligosaccharides have a number of other beneficial properties. They help improve metabolism, lower blood cholesterol, improve brain and nervous system function, and improve immunity.

Thus, oligosaccharides are important components of our body and have many health benefits. They can be obtained from a variety of sources, including plant and microbial sources, and play important roles in many processes in the body.