Dispituitarism Juvenile

Juvenile Dispituitarism: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Juvenile dyspituitarism is a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, which is manifested by increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and growth hormone, as well as impaired secretion of thyroid-stimulating and gonadotropic hormones. This condition occurs during adolescence and primarily occurs in boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 23, with the highest incidence occurring between the ages of 15 and 18.

There are several factors that can contribute to the development of juvenile dispituitarism. These include infections, injuries, obesity from early childhood, decreased physical activity and cessation of systematic sports. Against the background of these factors, activation of the neuroendocrine system occurs, which can lead to its dysfunction.

One of the characteristic signs of juvenile dispituitarism is growth activation, which most often manifests itself in young men in the form of tall stature, sometimes sub-giantism. Patients also often have grade II-III obesity, evenly distributed throughout the body. Multiple pink or red stretch marks, most often short and superficial, can be found on the skin of the chest, abdomen, thighs and shoulders.

The development of sexual characteristics can be normal, accelerated or delayed. In men, enlargement of the mammary glands (gynecomastia) is observed, and in women, the menstrual cycle may be disrupted. Transient hypertension is also common in young men.

When performing X-ray examinations of the skull, signs of intracranial hypertension can be detected, as well as calcification of the dura mater in the area of ​​the sella turcica. An electroencephalogram (EEG) may show dysfunction of nonspecific structures of the midbrain and diencephalic region. Some patients have impaired glucose tolerance, increased adrenal function, and hyperinsulinism.

The course of juvenile dispituitarism is usually favorable. Treatment for this condition includes a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity to normalize body weight and reduce other symptoms of the disease.

In inpatient conditions, patients are prescribed a special diet, which is usually tailored to the needs of the body and is about 1200-1500 calories per day. The diet should contain sufficient amounts of protein (80-100 g), fat (70-80 g) and carbohydrates (80-120 g). Anorectics to suppress appetite, spironolactone, and diuretics may also be prescribed.

To improve the functional activity of the brain, various drugs can be used, such as Cerebrolysin, aminalon, thiotrogal, stugeron, Cavinton and cinnarizine. They are usually taken for 1-3 months. If glucose tolerance is impaired, biguanides such as metformin can be used.

Treatment of juvenile forms of obesity is of great importance in the prevention of the development of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and infertility. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor promptly and follow dietary and physical activity recommendations for optimal results.

In conclusion, juvenile dyspituitarism is a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis that manifests itself during adolescence. It is characterized by increased secretion of certain hormones and can lead to growth activation, obesity, impaired sexual development and other symptoms. Treatment includes diet, physical activity and, if necessary, drug therapy. Early consultation with a doctor and compliance with recommendations will help prevent complications and achieve a favorable prognosis.