Protein metabolism

Protein metabolism is one of the types of metabolism in the body, which includes the processes of protein intake from food, its breakdown into amino acids, transport of amino acids into cells and organs, synthesis of its own proteins and their breakdown with the subsequent release of metabolic products.

Proteins are one of the main components of food for humans and animals. They are necessary for the growth and development of the body, maintaining its functions and protecting it from external influences. Proteins also play an important role in metabolism, as they are the building materials for cells and tissues.

The process of protein metabolism begins with the intake of proteins into the body with food. The proteins are then broken down into amino acids, which are transported into cells and used to synthesize their own proteins. Protein synthesis occurs in the cells of various organs and tissues, such as muscles, skin, bones, hair and nails.

Protein breakdown products are excreted from the body through the kidneys, intestines and lungs. Some of them can be used to synthesize new proteins or be used for other body functions.

Protein metabolism plays an important role in maintaining human health. A lack of protein in the diet can lead to various diseases, such as anemia, osteoporosis, vitamin deficiency and others. On the other hand, excess protein can also be harmful to health, as it can lead to obesity, high blood cholesterol and other problems.

Thus, protein metabolism is an important process in the human body and requires proper nutrition to maintain health and normal functioning of all organs and systems.

Protein metabolism is a type of metabolism that includes all processes in the body due to which proteins cycle and new components are synthesized. The basis of protein metabolism is anabolic (synthesis and synthesis of proteins) and catabolic processes (their breakdown), as well as the products of their breakdown. Anabolic reactions are the formation of new molecular structures from the constituent components present in the reaction medium. Catabolic - on the contrary, the destruction of structures into simpler compounds. Proteins contain not only the basic elements of life - oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbons, but also the entire set of elements of the periodic table. The carbon element is of greatest importance in protein metabolism. Its weight in the phosphate and nucleotide chains used in proteins makes it possible to give the mass of this carbohydrate about half of the total mass of the molecule. Nitrogen, hydrogen (proteins contain water and other water-soluble compounds in the form of complex intramolecular complexes) - almost the same: about 20%. The remaining 35-40% is oxygen, and microelements bind almost all free fatty acid residues into common complexes. From the main indicators of metabolism, three amino acids determine the total mass of protein compounds in the cell and tissues, since amino acids are the precursors of all types of protein. The calculation principle is quite simple. When analyzing biochemical samples from animals of all ages, it is not for nothing that attention is paid to the most metabolically active tissues - the liver, kidneys, and especially some meat organs. Therefore, the bulk of protein analysis consists of peptides