Perfusion Separate

Separate perfusion (PS) is a method of artificial circulation (CPB) in which the blood in one or more organs is divided into two or more separate circulations. This improves blood supply and oxygenation of organs, as well as reduces the risk of complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.

During PS, blood from one circulation (for example, from the heart) enters one or more organs, where it is divided into two or more parts. One part of the blood continues to circulate in the organ, and the other part of the blood returns back to the heart. Thus, each organ receives its own portion of blood, which improves its blood supply and oxygenation.

Perfusion separation can be used in various clinical situations, such as operations on the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, brain and other organs. It can also be useful in the treatment of diseases associated with impaired blood supply to organs.

One of the main benefits of PS is improved organ oxygenation. With normal perfusion, the blood entering the organ contains little oxygen, since it has already been used in other organs. With PS, each part of the blood entering the organ has a sufficient level of oxygen, which improves oxygenation of the organ and reduces the risk of hypoxia.

In addition, PS can improve blood supply to organs and reduce the risk of complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. For example, during heart surgery, PS can help reduce the load on the heart and reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.

However, like any method of artificial circulation, PS has its risks and limitations. One of the main risks is the possibility of blood clots forming in the vessels, which can lead to serious complications such as myocardial infarction or stroke. There may also be technical problems associated with dividing the blood into several parts and maintaining a stable flow in each circulation.

Despite these risks, perfusion separation techniques are becoming increasingly common in clinical practice.

Perfusion Perfusion is the process by which oxygen, nutrients, and other substances are supplied to the blood that the body cannot receive through respiration and digestion. It provides adequate nutrition to organs and ensures that all cells and tissues in the body can receive oxygen. The process also occurs in a healthy human body, but disruptions to this process often occur, especially in cases where it is impossible to completely supply the entire organ with oxygen. In this case, they talk about the need for perfusion. The procedure is called umbrella or separate, since two full circles of blood circulation are formed on large vessels. In the first of them blood circulates, and in the second there is a special nutrient fluid that ensures the delivery of all the substances necessary for the body.

When is umbrella perfusion needed? This procedure is used in situations where the patient needs to prolong the patient's life while waiting for a transplant. It is often performed immediately before the organ is transplanted into the patient. In addition, it is done in the following cases: * when the body is undergoing treatment with toxic agents; * for oncological diseases, for example, with Hodgkin's lymphoma or leukemia; * if the patient has chronic anemia; * during other emergency operations; * as preoperative preparation, which is necessary before wide excision of the tumor. These are the most common cases in which umbrella perfusion is necessary. This is when the patient's blood is saturated with nutrients, allowing the maximum possible opportunity for organ transplantation. Special equipment is responsible for this; it is prescribed in a separate medical institution.

The most common are 2 x 63 mm umbrellas, they allow you to maintain the full functioning of the patient’s heart; 4 x 50 mm devices are also used, but they show much less efficiency and most often require refueling. During the perfusion process, special biological solutions are used that ensure the normal functioning of the body after transplantation or use of the patient's organ. Despite all the advantages of the technique, it has a number of disadvantages. Due to the procedure, the heart experiences increased stress, so heart failure often develops after it is performed. For patients at risk, this situation can be fatal. Other disadvantages of the procedure include the need for lengthy preparatory and final procedures, as well as the need for repeated perfusion within 8 to 24 hours after surgery. In this case, the duration of the procedure will be no less than 3 hours. The only positive thing is that the procedure does not use special equipment that could contribute to leakage.