Stilling-Turk-Duane Syndrome

Stilling-Türk-Duane syndrome: History, symptoms and treatment

Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome, also known as Duane syndrome or eyeball retraction syndrome, is a rare condition that affects the movement of the eyeballs and can lead to restriction of the eye muscles. This syndrome is named after three ophthalmologists who made significant contributions to its study: Julius Stilling, Swiss ophthalmologist Simon Türk, and American ophthalmologist Alexander Duane.

Stilling-Türk-Duane syndrome usually appears in early childhood and is characterized by limited horizontal movements of the eyeball. The main symptoms include the inability to move the eye to the side, as well as the raising of the eyeball when trying to look inside the nose. In some cases, one eyeball may be more affected than the other. Children with this syndrome may also have abnormalities in head and neck position, such as tilting the head or turning the neck to compensate for limited eye movement.

The causes of Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome are not fully understood. However, some studies indicate possible genetic inheritance, as well as abnormal development of the eye muscles and nervous system during the embryonic period. Although it is a rare disease, it can run in different families.

The diagnosis of Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome is made based on a clinical examination of the eye and characteristic symptoms. Additional tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be performed to more accurately assess the structure and function of the eye muscles and nerves.

Treatment for Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome is aimed at relieving symptoms and improving the patient's quality of life. In most cases, surgery is not required, and patients can be offered conservative treatment options, such as the use of special glasses or lenses to correct vision and reduce discomfort.

However, in some cases, especially if there is significant limitation of eye movement or strabismus, surgery may be required. The procedure involves various techniques such as relaxing or redirecting the eye muscles to improve their functionality and reduce symptoms.

It is important to note that Stilling-Tuerk-Duane syndrome is a chronic condition and complete cure is usually not possible. However, with proper management and treatment, most patients can achieve significant improvement in their condition and overcome the limitations associated with this syndrome.

In conclusion, Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome, or eyeball retraction syndrome, is a rare condition characterized by limitation of horizontal movements of the eyeball. It is named after three ophthalmologists who contributed to its study. Although the exact causes of this syndrome remain unknown, there are conservative and surgical treatments that can help patients improve their symptoms and quality of life. Regular monitoring and consultation with an ophthalmologist are important aspects of managing this condition.

Stilling - Turk - Duane syndrome Author: Ivanova Margarita Igorevna

History of creation

**Stilling-Turke-Duane syndrome ** is a set of symptoms that manifest themselves in pathology of the cranial nerves (oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal and abducens). The syndrome includes paresis of the VI nerve, tremor of the lower jaw, conjugal movements of the eyeballs, difficulty speaking, nystagmus, and unsteadiness of gait. The development of these symptoms may be due to damage to the cranial nerves, multiple focal lesions

Stilling-Türk-Duane (STD) syndrome or duanoscene central paralysis is a neurological syndrome characterized by dissociation between weakness of the extraocular muscles and pronounced muscle strength of other innervated cranial nerves in various diseases.

The first mention of the symptom and the term syndrome was linked in 1951 by German and Swiss ophthalmologists T. Shtilin and S. Turka. The author of the syndrome, Shtilmeyer, described patients with focal neurosis