Vistosan

Country of origin: Germany

Pharm-Group: Alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulating agents

Manufacturers: Pharma-Allergan (Germany)

International name: Phenylephrine

Synonyms: Irifrin, Mezaton, Nazol Baby, Nazol Kids

Dosage forms: eye drops

Composition: Active substance: Phenylephrine.

Indications for use: Subdural and inhalation anesthesia (to maintain adequate blood pressure and prolong subdural anesthesia), local anesthesia (as a vasoconstrictor), acute circulatory failure, anaphylaxis, neurogenic shock, hypotension, incl. orthostatic, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, reperfusion arrhythmias (Bertzold-Jarisch reflex), priapism, secretory prerenal anuria, iritis, iridocyclitis.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe arterial hypertension, ventricular tachycardia, tendency to vasospasms, bradycardia, shock during myocardial infarction, decompensated heart failure, conduction disorders, severe atherosclerosis, severe forms of coronary artery disease, damage to the cerebral arteries, arterial hypertension, acute pancreatitis and hepatitis, hyperthyroidism, thrombosis of peripheral and mesenteric arteries, prostatic hypertrophy, pregnancy, children (up to 15 years) and old age.

Side effects: Headache, agitation, anxiety, irritability, weakness, dizziness, hypertension, bradycardia, arrhythmia, pain in the heart, respiratory depression, oliguria, acidosis, pale skin, tremor, paresthesia, local ischemia of the skin at the injection site, necrosis and formation of a scab upon contact with tissue or subcutaneous injection.

Interaction: Oxytocin, MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, ergot alkaloids, sympathomimetics increase the pressor effect, and the latter - arrhythmogenicity. Alpha-blockers (phentolamine), phenothiazines, furosemide and other diuretics prevent vasoconstriction. Beta-blockers neutralize cardiac stimulating activity; in the presence of reserpine, arterial hypertension is possible (due to depletion of catecholamine reserves in adrenergic neurons, sensitivity to sympathomimetics increases).

Overdose: Manifested by ventricular extrasystole and short paroxysms of ventricular tachycardia, a feeling of heaviness in the head and limbs, a significant increase in blood pressure. Treatment: intravenous administration of alpha-blockers (for example, phentolamine) and beta-blockers (p

Special instructions: To stimulate labor, it is not recommended to use it in combination with oxytocin-containing drugs (severe persistent hypertension and damage to cerebral vessels with the development of hemorrhagic stroke in the postpartum period are possible). During the treatment period, ECG, blood pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, cardiac output, blood circulation in the extremities and at the injection site should be monitored. In case of arterial hypertension, it is necessary to maintain SBP at a level of 30-40 mmHg. lower than usual. Before starting or during therapy, correction of hypovolemia, hypoxia, acidosis, and hypercapnia is required. A sharp increase in blood pressure, severe bradycardia or tachycardia, persistent rhythm disturbances require cessation of treatment. To prevent a recurrent decrease in blood pressure after discontinuation of the drug, the dose should be reduced gradually, especially after long-term infusion. The infusion is resumed if the SBP decreases to 70-80 mmHg. During therapy, potentially dangerous activities that require rapid motor and mental reactions are excluded.

Literature: Encyclopedia of Medicines, 2003.