Erythromyelosis

Erythromyellosis is a rare disease that is characterized by an increase in the number of red and white blood cells in the blood. This disease is manifested by the following symptoms:

fever that may last for several weeks or months; redness of the skin; tachycardia,



**Erythromyelosis (e̲r̲y̲t̲h̲ro̲m̲i̲e̲l̲o̲s̲is)** is a group of myeloproliferative diseases characterized by excessive proliferation of various hematopoietic lineages, in which there is no clear association between abnormalities of progenitor cells and clinical manifestations. The concept of “erythromyelosis” was introduced by G. Dohmen and W. Gülgelmo, who discovered a predominantly focal nature of bone marrow lesions with preservation of spleen function. In the acute stage, bone marrow hyperplasia syndrome is clinically dominant; in the chronic stage, heart failure is dominant. Erythromyelosis includes erythroblastic hyperplasia, as well as rarer cases of erythromyeloma and erythroleukocyte diseases.

**Erythromyelia** is a disease characterized by the presence of megaloblasts in the hematopoietic tissue with an increase in the level of bilirubin in the blood. Megaloblasts are the precursors of erythrocytes with a diameter of more than 30 microns, having a large nucleus. On the surface of megaloblastic cells, numerous inclusions such as Jolly bodies are detected, due to which the hematopoietic tissue often acquires a marbled color. The erythroblastic lineage remains intact. The clinical forms of erythromyelosis are varied: from latent to the picture of acute leukemia. The hemogram shows erythrocytosis up to 6 million in one microliter and reticulocytosis. ESR is increased. Diagnosis of megaloblastic myelopera is carried out by X-ray examinations and bone marrow puncture, which reveals an increased amount of erythroblasts and megalonuclear erythroblasts. Treatment is aimed at suppressing hematopoietic polyprism. E