Esophagostoma

Esophagostomy: artificial esophageal fistula and parasitic helminth

Esophagostomy is a term that can refer to both an artificial esophageal fistula and a genus of helminths in the family Trichonematidae. Let's look at each of these values ​​in more detail.

An artificial esophagostomy is an operation that creates an artificial connection between the esophagus and the skin on the neck. This may be necessary if the patient needs to be fed through a tube but is not able to use nasogastric or gastrostomy access. Artificial esophagostomy can be temporary or permanent, and can be performed either open or closed.

However, in the medical context, the term "esophagostomy" more often refers to helminths of the genus Oesophagostomum. These parasitic worms are cylindrical in shape and 1 to 2 cm long. They live in the large intestine of ruminants, including cows, sheep and goats, as well as some species of monkeys. In rare cases, Oesophagostomum can infect humans.

When infected with Oesophagostomum, the patient may experience various symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, blood in the stool, anemia and weakness. Although most cases of Oesophagostomum infection in humans occur in tropical and subtropical regions, there is always a risk of infection when traveling to these regions.

Treatment for Oesophagostomum may include the use of anthelmintic drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole, but in some cases surgery may be required.

In conclusion, the term "esophagostomy" has two meanings - it is an artificial esophageal fistula that can be performed for medical purposes, and a genus of helminths that can cause serious illness in animals and rarely in humans. In any case, it is important to consult a doctor if you experience symptoms related to an esophagostomy.

Esophageal stoma is an artificial fistula from the esophagus, which is installed for feeding patients who have narrowed the esophagus or stenosis. This is an artificial surgical procedure that can be performed as a step in creating a new esophagus after resection.

The main reason for using an esophageal stoma is the presence of a non-prolapsed esophagus. In this case, bougienage is the initial treatment, but this can lead to serious complications such as perforation. In addition, patients may experience serious psychological problems associated with malnutrition. Esophageal stoma, instead of bougienage, they can be provided with sufficient nutrition, which contributes to their treatment.

The operation to install an esophageal fistula includes the following:

- Pain relief for the patient. - Insertion of the introducer into the esophagus through the mouth. The probe is then inserted into the first part of the distal esophagus to the point where the fistula will be located. The esophagus is mobilized. - Circummillarization of a circular scalpel around the esophagus with subsequent destruction of the tissue of a segment of the esophagus to form a fistula. - Installation of an esophageal stent through the fistula canal. The stent strengthens the tissue of the fistula by preventing it from narrowing. In many cases, multiple stents are placed to ensure that the channel does not become blocked. - Closing the fistula with meshes and shunts to ensure the supply of gastric juice to the stomach through the natural route.

The most common complications after esophageal fistula include stomach and fistula infections, aspiration of gastrointestinal contents, and mechanical damage to the esophagus during surgery. In addition, fistula ducts can limit the patient's nutrition over time. To prevent the development of such complications, it is necessary to monitor the patient’s condition, monitor the development of abscesses and regularly care for the fistula canal.

Although the procedures for placing an esophalostomy are not completely error-free, the results are extremely encouraging for patients. They become more independent, free from constant care and can lead a normal life. Today, esophlostomy is recognized as a safe procedure with minimal complications and a long shelf life for patients.