Oligophrenia Microcephalic Secondary

Oligophrenia Microcephalic Secondary: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Oligophrenia microcephalic secondary (SOM) is a rare genetic syndrome that is characterized by mental retardation and microcephaly (underdevelopment of the brain). OMV is a secondary form of microcephaly that develops as a result of exposure to external factors on the fetal brain during pregnancy or in the early stages of the child's life.

The causes of OMV may vary, including maternal infections during pregnancy (eg, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus), exposure to toxic substances (eg, alcohol, drugs, heavy metals), and nutritional deficiencies (eg, iodine, iron). Some cases of OMV may be associated with genetic mutations.

Children with OMV have delayed psychomotor development, delayed speech development, poor coordination of movements and reduced brain volume. Children may also experience vision, hearing and cardiovascular problems. The level of intelligence in children with mental retardation can vary from mild delay to severe mental retardation.

Treatment for OMV is aimed at improving the child's quality of life and includes medical supervision, early developmental stimulation, special educational therapy and physical rehabilitation. Surgeries may be required to correct physical defects and improve function.

Although OMV is a rare syndrome, parents should seek medical help if they notice developmental delays or other unusual symptoms in their child. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve a child's prognosis and help them achieve the best quality of life.

Microcephalic secondary oligophrenia Author's article The article provides information about secondary microcephalic oligophrenia. Also provided is historical information about the development of the term "oligophrenia".

**Oligophrenia** is a group of various anomalies of intellectual development according to the type of mental underdevelopment. It is observed in different groups of children - morons, imbeciles and idiots, that is, depending on the degree of inferiority. The intelligence indicator depends on the classification; with mild debility, normal intelligence, and with moderate and severe mental retardation, oligophrenic indicators.\n Debility is not considered a pathology, it has many subtypes: hysterical, organic, functional, endogenous.\n Damage to the child’s brain is 90% provokes mental retardation.\nDepending on which functions of the intellect are impaired, the degree of retardation is different:\n* unable to adapt to society;\n* behavioral stereotypes cannot be changed;\n* lack of emotional-volitional reaction;\n* pathological clumsiness;\n* destruction of personal development;\n* primitive thinking;\n* simple concrete speech.\n**Causes of oligophrenia.**\nThe disease occurs due to disturbances in the intrauterine development of the fetus. The causes of mental deficiency lie in heredity or intrauterine infection. The birth of a child with an anomaly is often observed in single-parent families where parents abuse alcohol and take drugs.\nUsually, girls are born with the pathology more often than boys. First, the difference in the weight of the parents is visible. The second factor is the smell of intoxicating smoke from the baby’s room at home. Usually the first sign of deviation is physical inactivity, the later manifestation is retardation.\nDiagnosis of mental retardation is necessary to identify the causes of the development of the disease and determine the degree of damage to the central nervous system. There are several research methods based on the analysis of data from psychological and neurological tests, physiological and somatic data.\nThe development of mental disability is not always visible immediately at birth. Mostly, deviations are detected during the physiological development of the child and by the second year of life changes in the child’s behavior are discernible.\n**Forms**. Medicine distinguishes forms of microcephalic secondary mental retardation:\n1. uncomplicated pathology - in one condition other processes are inhibited, coordination of movements is impaired, deafness is possible;\n2. complicated forms - multiple organ failure, pathology of the cardiovascular system, etc.. With this type of mental retardation, activity is limited, skills practically do not develop.\nThe main causes of developmental oligophrenosis in

Oligophrenia is a mental underdevelopment that manifests itself in impaired cognitive abilities. It usually occurs in children, but also occurs in adults. The most common causes of the disorder are the development of the nervous system of the fetus/child, its mental development throughout life and an illiterate environment within the family. But what is microcephaly and how does it affect brain development? In patients suffering from microcephaly, the brain is underdeveloped because it is located in a skull that is disproportionate for a given age. This leads to problems with vision, hearing, motor skills and usually affects the development of other body systems.

The problem of the development of microcephaly requires comprehensive research. The causes may be defective heredity, disturbances in the formation of chromosomes and genetic diseases. However, there are now many studies that are combining efforts to treat brain dysfunction. Research has shown that symptoms of microcephalic lesions occur in the earliest stages of development and require intensive treatment. New technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can quickly track brain development disorders