Bed-sore

A bedsore is a death of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and other tissues that develops as a result of prolonged pressure that impairs blood circulation. Bedsores most often form in weakened patients who have been lying in bed for a long time in areas of the body where the skin is adjacent to bony protrusions: in the area of ​​the sacrum and coccyx, spinous processes of the vertebrae, shoulder blades and heels when lying on the back; on the anterior surface of the knee joints, iliac crests, anterior surface of the chest when lying on the stomach; in the area of ​​the hip joints when lying on the side.

Bedsores can form under a plaster cast (at the ankles, heels, elbows and other places), as well as on the mucous membranes of the mouth (for example, with poorly fitting dentures). Particularly deep, long-term non-healing bedsores soon form with spinal cord injury, more often with its complete interruption, as well as with diseases accompanied by compression of the spinal cord.

The possibility of developing bedsores increases with vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders. In weakened, exhausted patients with cardiovascular insufficiency, a bedsore can develop quickly - within 24 hours. Bedsores can complicate severe forms of infectious diseases (typhoid fever, typhoid fever, etc.).

The formation of bedsores is facilitated by poor care - untidy maintenance of the bed, underwear, a hard board on which a patient with a spinal injury lies, a hard, uneven mattress, a folded sheet contaminated with feces and urine, underwear with rough seams and folds, food debris in bed, contaminated wet skin combined with constant pressure in the areas of bony prominences.

With the gradual development of a bedsore, a bluish-red area without clear boundaries first appears, then the epidermis (surface layer of skin) peels off with or without the preliminary formation of blisters. Necrosis (tissue death) develops, spreading deeper and laterally, with the formation of purulent streaks, exposure of muscles, tendons, and periosteum. Complications of bedsores include erysipelas, phlegmon, sepsis, and gas gangrene.

The basis for the prevention of bedsores is proper care: systematically changing the patient’s position (if this is not contraindicated), placing the patient on a special anti-bedsore or flat mattress covered with a stretched, fold-free sheet. The seams of underwear should not be located in places where bedsores may form.

If redness appears in places where the skin is compressed, you must immediately notify your doctor. Regular care and prevention are essential to prevent the development of pressure ulcers.

Bedsores are areas of skin that occur when blood circulation in them is impaired. Treatment of pressure ulcers should be started immediately and carried out according to generally accepted rules using mechanical, chemical and biological measures. Etiotropic methods of treating localized forms include: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory therapy, keratoplasty, neurotrophic, angioprotective and other drugs. Complex treatment of bedsores involves the simultaneous use of 2-3 groups of drugs.

There are several types of bedsores: superficial, deep and putrefactive.

A bedsore is an ulceration of the skin caused by prolonged pressure on its surface, resulting from impaired blood circulation and tissue nutrition due to the patient staying in the same position for a long time - without changing position. The risk of bedsores is higher in the axillary, sacral and groin areas, where the skin is insufficiently thick, there are few vessels (veins), and discharge easily accumulates. Most cases of bedsores are a consequence of improper care, washing, and feeding. You should wash with moderately warm water, not hot - it causes the blood vessels to dilate, destroying their walls even more. The area should be treated when the skin is damp, but not wet. Immediately after washing or changing clothes, apply moisturizing cream with Actovegin ointment. Creams make the skin dense and elastic when damaged