Chromatophores (Gr. Chroma - Color, Forein - Carry)

Chromatophores (from the Greek words "chroma" - color and "forein" - to bear) are special structures that contain pigments and help living organisms change their color. These structures can be found in a variety of organisms, ranging from bacteria to more complex animals such as mollusks, reptiles and fish.

Chromatophores can be various types of cells and plastids that contain special pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids, which give plants and animals green, yellow, red, orange and other colors. Some organisms may also use chromatophores for camouflage or defense, changing their color to match their environment.

The most well-known types of chromatophores are melanophores, erythrophores and xanthophores. Melanophores contain melanin, which gives animals' skin, hair and feathers their dark color. Erythrophores contain a red pigment that can be found in some fish and reptiles. Xanthophores contain yellow and orange pigments and are used in some fish and other animals to create bright colors.

Chromatophores are also found in certain bacteria, where they contain chlorophyll and help in photosynthesis. These bacteria use chromatophores to capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy.

Chromatophores play an important role in the lives of living organisms, allowing them to regulate their color depending on the environment and change it for camouflage, communication and defense. These structures continue to be the subject of research and researchers are still learning more about how they work and how they can be used in various applications such as creating artificial colors and materials.