Myotonic

Myotonic (from the Greek mys, myos - muscle + tonos - tension) - related to muscle tone.

Myotonic characterizes increased muscle tone, which manifests itself in delayed muscle relaxation after contraction. With myotonia, the muscles slowly stretch after contraction, which leads to disruption of their function.

Myotonic states are observed in some inherited diseases, such as myotonic dystrophy. They can also occur when the nervous or muscular system is damaged. Treatment for myotonia aims to reduce increased muscle tone through drug therapy and physical therapy.

Myotonic disorders are a group of diseases associated with impaired neuromuscular transmission and increased muscle excitability. The disease is often combined with impaired muscle tone, resulting in a person being unable to relax his muscles when he is tired. As a result, a person's endurance during physical activity decreases.

There are several types of myotonic disorders:

- Myoclonic dystonia - damage to the neuromuscular system in the neck area associated with impaired muscle tone. The first signs appear at the age of 20-30 and continue throughout life, intensifying during periods of stress and fatigue. Head tremors may also occur; - Spastic diplegia is a severe lesion of the central nervous system in which a person is unable to move independently. The disorder is associated with impaired tone of the legs; - The paralytic form of myotonia is a consequence of excessive muscle overload during physical activity or at work. The first goes away in 6-5 years, the second goes away within 7-10 years; - Autonomic myotonia (Hecht's disease) is a painful condition manifested by a gradual decrease in muscle activity.

The manifestations of myotonic dystrophy can be varied; their clinical picture depends on the location of the lesion in the central nervous system. Some patients have no symptoms at all. The most common symptom is impairment of physical health, so when making a diagnosis it is necessary to assess the patient's ability to self-care.

Myotonic dystrophy (MD) is a genetic disorder that can cause abnormal muscle development and impaired neuromuscular transmission. Myotonic diseases are also called myotonic syndromes (MTS) or myotonic dystrophy. FDA terminology uses both of these groups of names.