Plasmacytoma is a malignant tumor of plasma cells that arises from plasma cells - the main producers of antibodies in the body. Plasmacytoma is closely related to myeloma and is often considered as its precursor. It usually develops as a single bone tumor, but in rare cases it can be multiple. Even less commonly, plasmacytoma affects soft tissue, especially the upper respiratory tract.
In plasmacytoma, plasma cells become unbridled and begin to multiply rapidly, forming a tumor. It can manifest itself with various symptoms, depending on its location. If the tumor is located in the bone, the patient may experience bone pain, aches, and inability to move. If the tumor is located in soft tissues, swelling, pain and breathing problems may occur.
All plasmacytomas can produce abnormal gammaglobulins, which do not perform their functions and do not help the body fight infections. These abnormal gammaglobulins can also cause increased blood viscosity and kidney damage, which can lead to serious complications.
Solitary plasmacytoma of bone can often be successfully treated with radiation therapy and medications such as melphalan and cyclophosphamide. In the case of multiple plasmacytoma, when the tumor spreads to several places, treatment can be more complex and include chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation and other methods.
Plasmocytomas formed in soft tissues can spread to the bones, causing the appearance of characteristic signs of myeloma on the radiograph. These secondary formations often disappear completely after a course of radiation therapy. However, if plasmacytoma is not treated promptly, it can progress and develop into advanced myeloma.
Overall, plasmacytoma is a rare disease that can be successfully treated if diagnosed and treated early. If you suspect that you have plasmacytoma, be sure to consult a doctor for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Plasmacytoma is a malignant tumor that arises from plasma cells. It is closely related to myeloma and can develop into it over time. The tumor usually develops as a single lesion in the bone, but can also involve soft tissue. Treatment for plasmacytoma may include radiation therapy, medications such as melphalan or cyclophosphamide, and surgery. However, soft tissue tumors may be easier to treat than bone tumors. Secondary formations that form in the bones may disappear after a course of radiation therapy. Plasmacytoma is a serious pathology, and its treatment must be timely and comprehensive.
**Plasmocytoma** is a malignant tumor arising from large light-colored processes of the bone marrow - plasma cells. Among all malignant bone marrow tumors, they account for about 30%. This type of tumor occurs from plasmatic or, more precisely, poorly differentiated B-lymphocytes (plasmoblasts), which take part in the formation of immunoglobulins. In some cases, tumor cells acquire the ability to form paraproteins and synthesize them and turn into malignant plasmablasts - osteoclastic plasma cell tumors. Histologically, they have some features of immunoglobulin-producing cells, which usually serves as the main argument in favor of the immunoblastic origin of the tumor. In fact, all plasma cells of the tumor stroma are poorly differentiated cells. If the bone marrow is moderately affected by the tumor, then the bone skeleton continues to live, and the bloodstream is not replaced by tumor cells, and blood function is also not impaired for a long time. Over time, paraprotein deposits form in the bone substance (hemorrhagic infarctions). The presence of paraprotein-containing tumor cells in the periosteum causes a hyperplastic type of regeneration and formation of blood vessels in bone tissue - spongy growths, wide canals, accompanied by pericortical necrosis. Over time, the patient’s body “gets used” to intoxication with tumor decay products, and normal antibodies to the paraprotein appear in the blood. This condition resembles the condition in which paraproteinemia first appears in the serum due to the loss of tumor substrate excreted in the urine. If such conditions are maintained, then after decades the function of bone marrow hematopoiesis, initially sharply suppressed by the tumor process, is slowly restored, and after 2-3 years of compensatory processes, even paraprotein intoxication may disappear due to regression of paraproteinometa syndrome. Bone tumors of any location - single or multiple, superficial or infiltrative - behave the same: they metastasize to the lymph nodes and internal organs, and early become sensitive to the action of chemotherapy and radiation. At the same time, they are more amenable to radiation and chemical therapy than other tumors, which allows complete destruction of the tumor and cure of the patient. This is no coincidence. After all, bones contain stem cells, which can remain in a relatively stable state for many years and provide blood supply to growing and regenerating areas of bone tissue. Many types of malignant bone marrow tumors have a long period of latent course, which is so convenient for antitumor measures. The ability of single cells to maintain visceral potential remains unchanged, so removal of even radical stage III tumor increases the patient’s chances of recovery. The emergence of new effective therapeutic agents expands the possibilities of actively combating malignant tumors of the bone marrow
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