Amyloidosis is a rare disease associated with abnormal formation and deposition of protein in tissues and organs. It occurs due to a mutation in the gene responsible for the production of a protein necessary for the normal functioning of the immune system. The consequences of amyloidosis can be life-threatening and cause serious health problems. The diagnosis of amyloidosis can only be made when the presence of plasma cells and amyloid deposition is proven by biopsy or other research methods. Treatment of amyloidosis comes down to managing associated symptoms and combating complications. The key therapy is bone marrow transplantation or stem cell cloning, which allows replacement of damaged cells.