Saprophytes

Saprophytes are unicellular or multicellular organisms that feed exclusively on plant debris and waste products of organisms. They are widespread representatives in the soil biosphere and plant products, as well as some aquatic and marine ecosystems. Saprophytic organisms are also found in food chains as decomposers, most often as consumers.

The name "saprophytes" comes from the Greek words "sapros" ("rotten", "decayed") and "platon" ("to feed"). In this case, the prefix “sapro-” indicates a specific area of ​​nutrition, usually surrounding substances of plant origin. Rotting organic remains are an important food for these organisms, but in addition to them they can feed on excrement and the remains of animal organisms, and in the absence of food supplies they can turn into necrotrophs and parasites.

Saprophytes are an important component of ecological systems and perform a number of important functions. They participate in processes such as mineralization and detoxification of organic substances, contribute to the formation of humus and enrich soil with beneficial microorganisms, and play a significant role in maintaining the balance of trophic chains. In addition, they are used in various technologies such as composting and tillage. However, given the tendency of saprosthetes to reproduce like bacteria and some viruses that cause human diseases, certain precautions must be taken when contacting these organisms.