Schneider Symptoms of the First Rank

Alexander Shneider

**Synonyms:** “Schneider syndrome”, Schneider syndrome

A tendency to anorexia in childhood (probably hereditary) and the frequent occurrence of acute infectious diseases and metabolic disorders - acetonemic syndrome. From the first days of the disease (“regurgitation syndrome”), there are no symptoms of the second rank. Diarrhea often develops, followed by amenorrhea and precocious puberty (the first menstruation can appear as early as 9-10 years). Characterized by metabolic disorders with elevated blood glucose levels, hyperammonemia and hypoglycemic crises. In some cases, signs of decompensated diabetes mellitus appear with the development of ulcerative-necrotic changes, diabetic gangrene, and polyneuropathy. Hemolytic crises (intravascular hemolysis) are possible. Cases of the development of heart failure, interstitial fibrosis of the liver and lungs have been described. Patients develop osteoporosis, skull deformation with growth retardation, and hepatosplenomegaly. Characterized by the presence of concomitant immunological disorders with frequent inflammatory and allergic diseases, cytopenias with hematological malignancies, the formation of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune processes.

This pathology occurs in 1.7–3% of adolescents according to WHO. The autoimmune process is usually combined with Addison's disease, herpes infection, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Most patients who present with SNSR have phenylketonuria. The etiology of the diseases remains unclear, but the role of some genetic factors has been suggested. According to immunogenetic data, children with SPS more often inherit haplotypes HLA-DR4 and B27; HLA-A2 in the father is also accompanied by a reduced level of IgG in the blood serum of the pregnant woman. In fathers, and especially in mothers of sick children, HLA-B8, A2 antigens and some HLA-DQ antigens are detected. The “maternal” or “paternal” phenotype of HLA antigens may indicate a “male” or “female” history of the disease and the nature of the response to hormonal drugs or glucocorticoids, and serves as the basis for the development of individualized hormone therapy regimens taking into account the sex of the patient.

Schneider developed the concept of first-rank symptoms. These symptoms are the earliest manifestations of schizophrenia and can appear at any age. They indicate a characteristic course and influence the choice of therapy. This list was described from the perspective of general psychopathology, so it is suitable for any psychological portrait of the patient. You should also read this description: https://psyhmedic.com/7013-chto-takoe-sindrom-shneydera-priznaki-pervogo-ranga.html

Friedrich Alois Theodor Schneider (German Friedrich Alois Theodor Schneider, December 3, 1873, Wolfenbüttel - February 2, 1950, Leipzig) was a German pediatrician and obstetrician. One of the most significant neonatologists of the 1st half of the 20th century after Othmar Lauterbach, Bernhard Sudek and Simon Schlutter.

Schneider believed that the perinatal period is equally important for the formation of adult personality and is