Cartilage glands

Cartilage glands are a class of glands that are present in the cartilage tissue of the respiratory, ear, and nasal systems. They synthesize proteins and polypeptides necessary to ensure the normal functioning of organs and tissues in contact with the environment.

The cells that form the glands of cartilaginous elements are similar to the cellular elements of the same layer of other types of cartilage. They produce glycoproteins and other molecules with antimicrobial and immunological functions. These glands are important factors in protecting the respiratory tract from infections.

The main functions of the salivary glands of cartilage are to protect the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity from pathogens. At the same time, the glands serve as the main source of nutrients for the oral cavity and tongue. Other functions of the glands are temporary, adaptive, providing rapid regeneration and restoration of mucous tissue after mechanical damage.

The protective function of saliva is manifested in the creation of a “chemical barrier” that prevents the penetration of pathogens into epithelial cells, primarily bacteria. Such mechanisms include the precipitation of proteins and salts, acids, and ions of the antimicrobial compounds chymotrypsin and mucin. The latter substance is a polysaccharide rich in carbohydrates, which forms a large shell on the surface of cells and membranes, which reduces the penetration of foreign bacteria and viruses into the body. Due to this, rapid elimination of infection is achieved, increasing the body's resistance to infections and reducing the scale of inflammation.