Adaptation Mental

Mental adaptation

**Psychological adaptation** is the process of adapting the mental sphere of the individual (person) to external and internal conditions and environmental requirements. The basis of this process is the activity performed in specific environmental conditions, which contain potential sources of personal development aimed at increasing the effectiveness of activity and improving psychological adaptation. Mental activity includes abilities that are largely current and formed in the past and respond to the demands of the environment. But there are barriers that prevent full social and psychological activity, as well as including means (mechanisms) to compensate for these obstacles. These means serve as adaptation mechanisms aimed at establishing active connections between a person and the environment, allowing him to more effectively adapt to it, compensating for his own capabilities and shortcomings. They appear as ways of anticipating events, conscious and unconscious, which we can influence by changing external factors with their help. Also, the means perform protective functions, if necessary, by controlling the influence on our psyche of internal and external events and processes that adversely affect our mental state, leading to negative emotional experiences, damage to self-esteem, etc. (L. I. Dementieva, I. V. Golovacheva, L. I. Pavlova). The result of a person’s ability to adapt is the formation of a psychological style of activity. The psychological style of activity helps a person acquire a new quality, the ability to independently manage himself when solving new problems, allowing him to show initiative, activity and motivate all his achievements. People who have a pronounced psychological style realize all their mental energy precisely in professional activities and therefore achieve certain successes in this direction, while developing special personality qualities that contribute to the implementation of such activities (S. T. Pososhkova, N. G. Rumyantsev). Therefore, it is obvious that it is necessary to form psychological flexibility and adaptability in a person for

**Psychological adaptation** is the process of adapting the human psyche to the changing conditions of its existence. The environment is not a passive object of perception. Most mental phenomena arise only when they are correlated with corresponding external or internal stimuli; therefore, any change in the external world causes the need to change the functions of the psyche accordingly. The mechanism of adaptation is twofold: these are biological methods of consolidating properties in order to maximize their compliance with changed conditions, and the correspondence of certain personality traits to these conditions through the choice of certain methods of activity. However, the psychological process of adaptation can be both conscious and unconscious, which is unconsciously triggered through emotions. Adaptation processes in humans when the surrounding reality changes are manifested in three aspects: adaptive, compensatory and socio-psychological. General adaptation mechanisms are innate behavioral programs (instincts) and habits inherent in a particular person (individual programs), which allow us to navigate a given situation. The most adaptive programs are those that are built on social patterns of behavior and in practice have proven their advantage over others.