Amniotic hernia

In order to reduce the risk of complications after surgical delivery, it is advisable to use the entire volume of the available reserve created before the onset of labor. Below are the main approaches to the prevention of complications in the afterbirth period[8, 9]. If the anhydrous interval is more than 12 hours or less than 4 hours between the birth of the head and the umbilical cord, it is recommended to use obstetric forceps to extract the fetus. The application of obstetric forceps is possible only if the fetal membrane around the head is preserved, since mechanical trauma when tightening and spreading the branches of the forceps can lead to amniotomy. To avoid divergence of the craniocaudal sutures of the head, all attempts at rotational traction on the head should be stopped immediately [54]. Traction of the head through the sutures can disrupt the formation of the suture and cause the birth of a child with cranial dysplasia. If a woman refuses to use forceps or is unable to extract the fetus for any other reason, manual separation and release of the placenta is recommended[8]. In cases of prolapse of umbilical cord loops when delivering a dead or breathing fetus, it is advisable to begin the Kennedy maneuver (raising the posterior vaginal wall) with a small amplitude and increasing it with each subsequent attempt. Until complete evacuation of meconium and amniotic fluid, it is recommended to exclude fetal traction, which could cause irritation of the peritoneum or hollow organs of the fetus due to the ingress of amniotic fluid [17].