Philadelphian

Philadelphia (Ph) - chromosome number 22. It is a common anomaly in the human karyotype. In the Ph chromosome there is a deletion of the 3rd part of the long arm. The deletion leads to a change in the structure of the chromosome and a change in the location of genes.

The Ph chromosome is associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a tumor blood disease. With CML, uncontrolled growth of hematopoietic tissue cells occurs, which lose the ability to function normally and cannot perform their functions. The disease manifests itself as an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood.

The Philadelphia chromosome is found in people with CML. This means that the abnormality is the cause of this disease. However, the presence of this chromosome does not always mean the development of CML. Minor defects in chromosome structure can lead to the development of other types of blood cancer.