Fragrant Nutmeg, Or Nutmeg Tree

Nutmeg, or nutmeg tree, is one of the most famous plants used in cooking and pharmaceuticals. This evergreen tree of the nutmeg family (Myristicaceae) is native to the Moluccas but is also found in tropical areas around the world.

The parts of nutmeg used are seeds and seed caps. The pharmaceutical name for nutmeg is Myristicae semen (formerly: Semen Myristicae), nutmeg color - Myristicae arillus (formerly: Macis), nutmeg oil - Myristicae aetheroleum (formerly: Oleum Myristicae aethereum).

The nutmeg tree reaches a height of 10 to 20 meters, has entire leaves 8-12 cm long and pale yellow flowers, reminiscent of lily of the valley flowers, up to 6 cm long. In the 8th year, female trees begin to bear fruit; the fruits look like peaches. Abundant fruiting continues for 20-30 years. While still on the tree, the fruits shed their soft shell, leaving behind a shiny red roof (aperil), clearly visible on the brown seed coat.

Ripe fruits are collected manually. After being freed from the pulp, the nutmeg seeds are dried over a fire, the dried seed coat is broken with a hammer and the kernel is removed, the same seed that is sold under the name “nutmeg”. Roofing (aryllus) after drying becomes a raw material called “nutmeg color” (macis).

Nutmeg contains from 7 to 15% essential oil, which consists of various terpenes, as well as 3-4% myristicin, a toxic substance. However, when used correctly, nutmeg can have positive effects on the body.

In folk medicine, nutmeg essential oil is used together with camphor and eucalyptus in various rubbings for colds and rheumatic diseases. In addition, nutmeg stimulates the formation of bile in the liver and bile secretion, therefore it is often used as a seasoning for dishes, especially for patients with diseases of the liver and biliary tract.

However, it is necessary to remember the side effects of nutmeg. Consumption in large quantities causes a narcotic state and can also have an abortifacient effect. Therefore, you should observe moderation when using nutmeg in food and treatment, do not consume it in large quantities and consult a doctor before using it as a medicine.

In cooking, nutmeg is widely used to flavor sauces, casseroles, puddings, confectionery and drinks such as mulled wine, liqueur and eggnog. Nutmeg is also used in cooking, particularly to flavor dairy products, ice cream and baked goods.

So, fragrant nutmeg is a valuable plant that is widely used in various fields, including cooking and medicine. However, one must be aware of its potential dangers if used incorrectly, and follow the recommendations of doctors and chefs to obtain maximum benefits from this plant.