Diet

Diet: diet and nutrition for a healthy and sick person

A diet is a special diet based on the principles of meeting the physiological needs of the body for nutrients. The diet should be adapted to the metabolic processes disturbed in conditions of illness, and should include sparing of the damaged organ and disrupted functions. For this purpose, certain food products that have undergone special technological processing are selected.

The most widely used diets are those used for diseases such as peptic ulcers, colitis, obesity, etc. Each diet has several options, used sequentially depending on the stage and phase of the disease. Taking into account individual indications, as a rule, in a hospital setting fasting days can be prescribed for a short time (1-2 days).

The principles of construction are different; the most widespread are fasting days, the names of which correspond to the product consumed on that day (meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, etc.). A rational selection of an individual diet is carried out by a doctor. Choosing a diet on your own without consulting a doctor can be harmful.

Diets for diseases

The diet for gastric and duodenal ulcers has several options depending on the stage of the disease. In the initial stages, diet No. 1 is used, which provides for a gentle diet. During the period of exacerbation of the disease, diet No. 1a is prescribed, which excludes foods that promote the secretion of gastric juice. In convalescence they switch to diet No. 16, which provides for a gradual expansion of the diet.

A diet for colitis is aimed at reducing the load on the intestines and involves excluding from the diet foods that cause fermentation and gas formation. In case of obesity, a diet is prescribed with a restriction of fats and carbohydrates, as well as an increase in the consumption of proteins and fiber.

Fasting days

Fasting days are days when the body's nutrition is limited to certain foods, for example, meat, fish, vegetables or fruits. Such days help the body get rid of toxins and waste, and also speed up metabolism. However, doing fasting days on your own can be dangerous to your health, so you should consult your doctor before starting.

Medical nutrition

Therapeutic nutrition is a comprehensive approach to the treatment of diseases, including not only the selection of a diet, but also control of calorie content and nutritional composition. Nutritional therapy can be prescribed for various diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc. The purpose of nutritional therapy is not only to improve health, but also to prevent possible complications.

Conclusions

Diet plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of diseases. A rational selection of diet helps the body receive the necessary nutrients and restore impaired functions. Therapeutic nutrition takes into account the individual characteristics of the body and can be prescribed as complex therapy for various diseases. However, doing a diet or fasting days on your own without consulting a doctor can lead to negative consequences. Therefore, if you have a need to select a diet, be sure to consult a specialist.