Mesarteritis Giant cell Granulomatous

Giant cell granuloma of the mesenteric arteries is a rare disease in which specific granulomas, consisting of giant cells of the foreign body type, develop on the wall of the mesenteric artery, which leads to an inflammatory and cicatricial adhesive process in the mesentery with possible compression of blood vessels and lymphatic tracts. The main goal of treatment is to minimize the amount of damage and control symptoms. For this, medications (glucocorticosteroids) are used; surgery may be necessary in particularly severe cases. Gigantokle

Mesaarteritis (giant cell granuloma), also known as hygroma or hygroma, is a rare disease characterized by inflammation in the arterial wall. This process causes the formation of tumors on the walls of the arteries, which can be multiple and large. Mesaarthritis usually affects small and medium-sized arteries, causing them to narrow or become completely blocked. Vascular damage caused by mesaarthritis can lead to various complications, including cardiovascular failure or bleeding. This review examines the history, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Historical data from mesadrites indicate that large, medium-sized granulomas were described in 1873 by Simill and

Mesarterite Giant Cell Granulumate (MGAT)

MGAT is a rare and poorly understood disease that is characterized by the presence of immune cells, such as giant cells and granule cells, in the walls of the arteries, causing inflammation and destruction of the artery walls. The disease can occur in different parts of the body, but most often affects the blood vessels of the heart, kidneys, lungs and brain. Treatment for MGAT is complex and can be lengthy and require extensive medical care. In this article, we will review the history of the study and treatment of MGAT, its symptoms, causes and diagnosis, as well as possible complications and prognosis. **General information** Giant cell granulomatous mesarteritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the blood vessels of various organs and systems. With this disease, the walls of the organ's vessels are destroyed, blood clots form, which impede blood flow, and they greatly expand as a result of inflammation and the formation of granules. Such an expanded vascular network with blood clots and granules leads to disruption of the blood supply to the organ and the development of complications associated with hypoxia (lack of oxygen) of the tissues of this organ. The highest frequency of the syndrome is observed in elderly people. Elderly men are more often affected (7:1).

Of all the arteries, the external carotid and femoral arteries are most often involved in the process. Both of these vessels are much larger in diameter than the others and pass directly under the skin. Characteristic symptoms in both cases are severe pain in the head and neck in the projection of the external carotid artery and in the groin in the projection of the femoral artery. It happens that there is no pain syndrome, that is, there are no complaints of pain and none of the features of the disease are detected by any method. Such cases are classified as a latent or clinically active form. There may be variability in the manifestations of the disease. Often, the presence of acute massive ischemia of vascular tissue leads to transient neurological symptoms in the form of stroke, spinal or cerebral infarction, and encephalopathy. These phenomena are short-term, appear during the first year of the disease and last from several minutes to several hours (in 40% of cases within a day). Then it goes away spontaneously. Ophthalmoplegia - a violation of the movements of the eyeball - develops extremely rarely. Aneurysm of the aortic arch is accompanied only by severe constant pain in the anterior chest (often there is a constant pressing stabbing pain in this section or only pain in the shoulders, aching pain in the back in the projection of the subclavian artery). In fact, the disease is a mixed form.

Mesarteritis Giant cell Granlumematous

Mesarteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of small and medium-sized arteries of the muscular-elastic type. As a rule, it is accompanied by stenosis (narrowing of the lumen) of the vessels of the affected area. Progresses gradually and often leads to atrophy of the affected tissues. The disease is included in the VAS group (vasculitis, arteritis) and is considered as a systemic inflammatory lesion of small arteries.

The main causes leading to the development of the disease are considered to be autoimmune processes, in particular, immunopathological disorders in response to the penetration of hepatitis B or C virus, chlamydia, mycoplasma, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and other microorganisms and viruses. In this case, T cells produce large amounts of antibodies in the blood, which leads to inflammation. In adults, especially women, the disease develops due to hormonal imbalance. Pathology reveals a uniform, monomorphic increase in titers of immunoglobulin G and the absence or decrease of other classes of immunoglobulin. Markers of inflammation in this situation include C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor. Ultrasound with color Doppler, angiography, computed tomography with magnetic resonance imaging, and radioisotope methods are used for diagnosis. Treatment of the disease, as well as its options, depends on the stage of the disease and the characteristics of each individual case. But it always consists of the main components: reducing the severity of inflammation, improving local and systemic circulation, reducing the level of blood flow in the affected vessels, increasing immune reactivity and preventing the progression of inflammation and sclerosis in the vessels. Treatment begins with rest for a certain period, the introduction of hormones and the use of anticoagulants. If necessary, drugs of the aminoquinoline series - plaquenil, chloroquine and gold hydroxychloride tablets - are used internally. To reduce the likelihood of an autoimmune process, hormone blockers or glucocorticosteroids are prescribed (intravenously, orally, locally