Sucrase

Sucrase is an enzyme that plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates such as glucose and fructose. It is a key participant in the sugar recycling cycle associated with glycolysis and the glycolytic pathway, which are important processes for maintaining optimal energy levels in the body.

Sucrase catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose-1-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in the glucose recycling cycle, and the hydrolysis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glucose-6-fructose in the fructose recycling cycle. Without sucrase, the synthesis of glycogen, the main source of glucose in the body, could not occur. When sucrase is missing or damaged, a deficiency of both glucose and fructose can occur, leading to various pathologies and diseases.

The functional activity of sucrase is regulated by neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, gastrointestinal hormones, as well as stress and other factors. Normally, the enzyme is regulated at the level of mRNA transcription by a number of regulatory elements located in the 3'-UTR of mRNA and functioning as part of the insulin signaling pathway. This pathway involves the use of insulin to activate AKT tyrosine kinase receptors, which ultimately leads to the regulation of gene expression encoding the sugar farm sucrase. Disturbances in the sugar farm regulatory system are the cause of the development of a number of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and Fanconi syndrome, liver diseases and other pathological conditions.