Devices for equipping gyms of FOTSev and FOKov

During classes in the gyms of almost any physical education center or physical education center, you will encounter many different technical devices: exercise machines, massagers, sports and gymnastic equipment, and you need to know, at least in the most general terms, the design of these devices, as well as the safety precautions for their use for everyday productive training...

This is especially important in the context of a sports and recreation center, which is visited with subscriptions or one-time tickets; permanent, established groups, where everyone started classes at the same time, got familiar with the devices in advance, etc., may not exist there.

The class time is too limited for the trainer-methodologist to re-explain the purpose and principle of using a particular device each time. He, of course, will show you a set of exercises performed on various devices, and will monitor the time of exercise and their intensity. We want to prepare you for classes by first introducing you to the basic devices Payroll, used in health centers, and their designs.

This information is also useful for those who will study in physical education centers, although there are permanent groups and permanent trainers there.

1. Gymnastic apparatus
2. Gymnastic wall.
3. Gymnastic bench.
4. Suspended projectiles.
5. Gymnastic mats.

Gymnastic apparatus

When equipping FOCs and FOCs, they most often use typical gymnastic equipment: wall and bench, hanging apparatus, crossbar, rings, parallel bars.

Gymnastic wall.

The desire to diversify the exercises performed on the athletics wall (to achieve the same health-improving effect as when using training devices) led to the development of a wide variety of devices and devices that functionally replicate the classic model. Some of them are shown in Fig. 1 (a - double, b - “wall climber”). These devices have simple designs. They are based on metal or wooden crossbars (pipes) with a diameter of 30-40 mm (the diameter of the frame should be 2-2.5 times larger) for the wall shown in Fig. 1, a, and metal brackets attached to the wall or other load-bearing surface, for the wall in Fig. 1, b. The diameter of the pipe from which the bracket is made is 30-40 mm, the length is at least 250-300 mm.

Gymnastic bench.

It consists of a wooden board (seat) supported by two legs connected to each other by a wooden beam, which is used for balance exercises. The surface of this bench can be wooden. And the base is both wooden and metal.

Board (seat) width—240 mm, length—4000 mm; the height of the bench from the floor to the upper plane of the board is 300 mm, the width of the lower beam is 100 mm. If the width of the upper board and the lower beam are practically constant, then the length of the bench can be different - depending on the conditions of its use (for preschool children, for example, it is 2000 mm).

On the above bench you can perform a wide variety of exercises, in addition, it can be used for relaxation during exercise.

During operation, a gymnastic bench can be used in several positions - with the seat up, with the seat down, in the form of an inclined plane supported on a vertical surface.

The possibilities of use can also be expanded - up to installing it in a vertical position with the placement of additional components and devices. However, additional elements should not destroy the main functional purpose of this device.

Suspended projectiles.

These include: ropes, poles and ladders of various designs, which we have described repeatedly, with the only difference being that in health centers they will be longer. There is also an original design of a retractable pole (Fig. 4), proposed by R.I. Rashkevich. The retractable pole is a metal pipe 4000 mm long and 50 mm in diameter. Two bolts are welded to the pipe at a distance of 800–1000 mm from its ends (bolt diameter 16–20 mm). To secure the pole in the wall, through holes are made into which tubes are hammered, the length being equal to the thickness of the wall and having an internal diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolts.

All hanging devices can be assembled into a single structure, the basis of which is a monorail that fixes the upper ends of the towed elements. A monorail is a beam that has special grooves along which carriages with projectiles attached to them move.

In addition to the pole, rope, ladder, other hanging devices can be suspended on the monorail: trapezoid, swing, etc. The general view of the monorail with the elements attached to it is shown in Fig. 5. In the non-working position, the suspensions are assembled at one end of the monorail, where they are conveniently stored in a special niche.

The peculiarity of the use of the above equipment in health centers is that dozens of people must perform exercises on these devices in a short time. This dictates the need to use universal multi-set equipment. Its designs can be very different. The most common is multi-set equipment on a single base.

Basis of design multi-set suspension system of crossbars (Fig. 6) are U-shaped brackets welded from pipes. The crossbars are hingedly mounted on the brackets (as shown in the figure).

A type of design is wall-mounted multi-set equipment. It is mounted against the wall of the hall or other room in which classes are held. When not in use, the structure moves close to the wall, practically not occupying the usable space of the room. Varieties of such equipment are a multi-set wall crossbar (Fig. 7), a wall-mounted support and rotating beam system (Fig. 8), etc.

A system of suspended climbing apparatus is also good for installation in physical training centers (Fig. 9). All projectiles are suspended on a pipe with a diameter of 90-100 mm, which is mounted on brackets. When not in use, the brackets are pulled up by a cable and, together with the pipe, fit snugly against the wall of the hall, thus occupying a minimum of space.

By type of multi-set equipment, the famous “Health” complex, described by us earlier, is installed in the health center. Along the wall, you can install several such complexes almost close to each other, since most exercises are performed in a plane perpendicular to the wall. Thus, if the size of the area allocated for classes allows, you can install an entire “health wall” and conduct classes with several groups.

To safely perform exercises on suspended apparatus, devices are required that provide insurance for the practitioner and prevent injury. These include longues of various types and gymnastic mats.

We will consider only one of the most important means of insurance when performing athletic exercises using physical training devices.

Gymnastic mats.

They can be of various sizes depending on the location and conditions of use. The most common options are 1200-2500 mm long and 750-2000 mm wide. Typical mats are produced in sizes 2000x1250x60 mm. Their thickness, as a rule, is no more than 100-120 mm.

Often there is a need to have, in addition to the basic ones, a special safety mat for landing after jumps and various dismounts. Instead, you can use regular mats stacked on top of each other. To secure passive belays, ropes or tightening belts are used, which often creates inconvenience in use and does not prevent them from moving.

To achieve reliable fixation of the safety elements, you can use the solution proposed by V.V. Krapivnik and A.B. Relin. The bedding is laid one on top of the other, then one of the ends of the handle (for example, the top layer) is disconnected and fixed on the adjacent bedding diagonally in the appropriate place (Fig. 11). The same is done with the rest of the handles. This fixation reliably prevents them from moving.