Prevention of stretch marks in pregnant women (English)

One of the most “popular” reasons for the formation of stretch marks in women is, as you know, pregnancy. Typically, stretch marks appear in the second trimester of pregnancy (in most expectant mothers or after childbirth due to severe stretching of the skin.

However, it is worth understanding that the appearance of stretch marks is most often associated with genetic characteristics (not all expectant mothers are prone to stretch marks), and with proper self-care, these unsightly “scars” can be completely avoided.

The content of the article:

How to choose the right cream for stretch marks during pregnancy?

In the process of bearing a child, significant changes occur in the mother’s body, many of which create the basis for the appearance of “scars”.

Stretch marks - or, as they are called in medicine, stretch marks - are essentially tissue tears (namely, collagen fibers with elastin), appearing in the form of stripes on the skin. They can be of different lengths, depths and widths, and be pink or red in color.

Over time, stretch marks acquire a blue tint, then turn white, and then remain in the form of scars - or, if small in size, become almost invisible.

The main areas of manifestation of stretch marks are the abdomen, chest and thighs with buttocks.

There are many reasons for the appearance of stretch marks, but the main one remains genetic disposition.

In addition, the following factors influence the formation of striae:

Highly dry skin.
Rapid weight gain or, conversely, rapid weight loss.
Hormonal "jumps".
Prolonged stretching of the skin.
A small amount of elastin fibers with collagen. The older the expectant mother, the higher the risk of stretch marks.
Humidity level. The more intensely the collagen fibers are hydrated, the higher their elasticity and the lower the risk of stretch marks.
Medicines taken.
Age of the expectant mother.

Many manufacturers promise naive mothers 100% results after using stretch mark cream. But you should understand that no cream gives such guarantees if you are genetically predisposed to the appearance of stretch marks.

However, a woman is quite capable of reducing the risk of their occurrence, or at least reducing the intensity.

Cream for stretch marks - how does it work?

When stretching the skin for a long time, the degree of hydration of the dermal layer of the skin. After all, the full hydration of collagen fibers and, of course, elastin will depend on the presence of moisture in the dermis. Minimal hydration leads to loss of elasticity and, as a result, to the risk of fiber breakage.

The purpose of the stretch mark remedy is...

Intensive skin hydration.
Acceleration of metabolic processes and blood circulation.
Retains moisture in the skin.
Increasing elasticity, softness and firmness of the skin.

The composition of the cream for stretch marks - what should it be?

Naturally, first of all, it should include components whose task is intensive skin hydration, deep saturation with moisture and retention of this moisture in the dermis.

Natural oils – one of the most popular components of the cream. Oils penetrate perfectly through the intercellular substance, but only to the depth of the epidermis (note - they cannot penetrate through water near the basal layer, lacking the ability to dissolve). Oils increase the hydrophobic layer, protect against moisture evaporation, retain water in the dermis, and help increase the number of cells in the epidermis.
Glycerin and silicones. Components that have properties similar to oils, however, are not capable of nourishing the skin. In addition, long-term use of creams with silicones can lead to certain unpleasant consequences.
Vitamins. They are necessary in creams to stimulate metabolic processes in the skin, accelerate the maturation of new cells, and increase the hydrophobic properties of the epidermis due to its thickening.
Hyaluronic acid. A component that works to increase hydration.
Hydrolyzed proteins. They also work in the epidermis to retain moisture.
Retinol ***. Needed to stimulate skin regeneration, heal weakened epidermis, activate the synthesis of components that are responsible for improving skin elasticity.
Plant extracts. Safe and effective components with various properties.
Essential oils. Needed to increase skin elasticity and metabolism, nutrition, care. For example, jojoba or shea butter, wheat germ oil or apricot kernel oil.
Elastin with collagen. One of the most important components responsible for the elasticity of fabrics.
Algae extracts. Needed to enhance the regeneration of weakened or damaged areas of the skin, to nourish it, and to accelerate metabolic processes.
Antioxidants.

*** It is worth noting that there is two types of retinol: fat-soluble vitamin A - and water-soluble provitamin A, a carotenoid .

If a person receives a fat-soluble vitamin from products of animal origin, from which it is immediately absorbed by the body, then the carotenoid supplied with vegetables, fruits and herbs is absorbed only after it is processed in the human gastrointestinal tract and converted into ready-made vitamin A.

Consequently, an overdose of vitamin A is possible only when it is consumed in a fat-soluble form, and in the case of a carotenoid, an overdose is practically impossible - the body absorbs it as much as required and no more.

An overdose of this vitamin is especially likely if a pregnant woman uses it in the form of a pharmaceutical oil solution - or when using cosmetics containing pure vitamin A, retinol, for a long time.

What are the dangers of retinol during pregnancy?

Teratogenic effect on the internal organs of the fetus - kidneys, liver, heart. A child may be born with pathology in the development of these organs.
Negative effect on the central nervous system and brain of the fetus.
Causes pathologies in the development of the child’s limbs.
Excess vitamin A leads to improper development of the genital organs of the unborn child.
Chronic overdose of vitamin A causes vitamin D deficiency.

But it is also worth understanding that fears of overdosing on vitamin A should not lead to the other extreme - complete exclusion of it from the diet of a pregnant woman. The lack of this vitamin entails even more serious consequences for the mother and unborn child.

There is only one way out - Take vitamin A only with food, focusing on freshly prepared and raw vegetables and fruits. Any vitamin intake should be agreed with your doctor. During pregnancy, it is better not to use cosmetics containing pure retinol - Look for carotenoids on pregnancy product labels, but not retinol. . Trust only certified products, buying them in specialized stores or pharmacies.

It is worth remembering that the daily requirement of vitamin A for a pregnant woman is 2500-3200 IU. It is this norm that must be relied upon when choosing a menu and vitamin complexes for pregnant women.

Cream for stretch marks - rules for choosing wisely:

Hypoallergenic composition! One of the most important rules of choice is the absence of “harmful chemicals” in your cream. That is, the absence of parabens, fragrances and dyes, and also, preferably, silicones. Remember that the components of the product can penetrate into the blood and be transmitted to the baby.
Cream for use after childbirth or during pregnancy? These are 2 different groups of products with different compositions - warning stretch marks or masking them. The first products are used during pregnancy to significantly increase skin elasticity and prevent the appearance of stretch marks. After childbirth, the skin should return to its original state. And the second option should help reduce the intensity of stretch marks that appear after childbirth, make them less noticeable, and lighten them. In addition, there are universal remedies used in both periods.
Allergy test. This is a mandatory measure to avoid unpleasant consequences associated with individual intolerance to the components. First, smell the cream and apply a drop of the product to a sensitive area of the skin. If there is no negative reaction, use it.
Best before date. Naturally, it should not be violated.
Period of use. Read the instructions carefully! If the cream is intended for use after childbirth, then it makes no sense to use it during pregnancy (and vice versa). The specific period of use is also important - for example, “only from the 2nd trimester until childbirth.”
Harm to the components of the cream for the fetus. Everyone knows that the baby’s organs in the womb are formed during different periods of pregnancy. And the effect of specific components of cosmetics can become dangerous for the baby’s health and development. In particular, some essential oils can cause serious problems with their constant use (this applies to creams, massages, baths and wraps). Read the ingredients and do not neglect the instructions. In addition, it is important to consult your doctor in a timely manner about the use of a particular product.
Regular cream during pregnancy or a special remedy for stretch marks? A traditional moisturizer for an expectant mother is, of course, better than nothing (if it has a safe composition). But stretch mark cream doesn't just moisturize the skin - it helps increase its elasticity and protects against weakening of collagen fibers. The choice is obvious.

10 best creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnant women

Today, the shelves of cosmetic stores are practically filled with products created to prevent stretch marks.

How to choose “the one”, your remedy that will really help?

Consider the condition of your skin, age, and allergies to specific components.
Study the composition of the cream - the presence of useful components (their order in the list of ingredients; the closer to the beginning of the list, the greater the percentage of the component in the composition), the presence of harmful components, the presence of components responsible for the strength of collagen fibers.
Study the reviews of expectant mothers on the selected cream.
Find a sample of the product - do an allergy test.
Evaluate the smell of the cream. It may be too intense, and you may need to use it every day throughout your pregnancy.
Read the instructions! If you are pregnant, look for a cream that is used specifically during pregnancy, and not after childbirth, otherwise you simply will not be able to assess its effectiveness.

And, of course, consult your doctor!

Here are the most effective remedies for stretch marks, according to future and established mothers:

Weleda oil

Price: about 1000 rub.
Used from 1 week to 3 months after birth.
Properties: prevention of the formation of stretch marks and reduction of the intensity of existing ones; increasing tissue elasticity; retaining moisture in the skin.
Ingredients: almond oil and jojoba oil, arnica flower extract, wheat germ oil.
2 international quality certificates: NaTrue (organic and natural products) and Vegan Label (guarantee of the absence of components of animal origin).

Cream Sanosan

Price: about 500 rub.
Form: oil, cream and lotion.
Used from 1st week of pregnancy.
Properties: protection against the appearance of stretch marks; increasing skin elasticity; correction of existing stretch marks; activation of the regenerating properties of the epidermis; its nutrition, intensive hydration and strengthening.
Ingredients: natural lanolin (from sheep wool), milk proteins, wheat proteins (activate the production of your own collagen), chitosan, hibiscus seed extract (increases elasticity), jojoba oil, olive oil, beeswax.

Cream Mama comfort

Price: about 350 rub.
Form: light balm-gel and thick cream.
Used during pregnancy and also after childbirth.
Properties: normalizes the functioning of the epidermis, prevents the occurrence of stretch marks and reduces the intensity of existing ones; increases skin elasticity; deeply moisturizes and retains moisture for a long time; intensively nourishes.
The cream contains: Regy-Stretch complex (note - restoration of damaged fibers), hyaluronic acid (increasing collagen production) and olive oil (moisturizing), chamomile extract, tea tree (tonic effect) and horse chestnut.
The balm contains: horsetail and green coffee extracts, ivy and nettle extracts, as well as fucus, hyaluronic acid, green tea and meadowsweet extracts, and, of course, the Regy-Stretch complex.

Hendel`s Garden pomegranate emulsion

Price: about 1200 rub.
Used: during pregnancy, when losing weight, after childbirth.
Long lasting effect!
Properties: acceleration of tissue recovery; stimulation of skin self-rejuvenation; restoration of moisture levels and elasticity of the skin; anti-inflammatory, smoothing and whitening properties; protection against the appearance of stretch marks and reduction in their intensity.
Ingredients: pomegranate extract, shea butter, walnut oil, green coffee extract, panthenol, jojoba oil, rapeseed oil.

Avent cream

Price: about 800 rub.
Properties: replenishes moisture in the epidermis; deep cell nutrition; strengthening skin fibers; softening and restoration of elasticity; assistance in adaptation to skin overstretching; reducing the intensity of existing stretch marks and protecting against the appearance of new ones.
Without parabens, dyes and harmful petroleum products.
Ingredients: seaweed extract (for skin elasticity), almond oil (moisture restoration), papaya oil, shea butter, lemon and grapefruit extracts.

Lifting cream Mom and baby (Belarus)

Price: about 140 rub.
Properties: prevention of stretch marks; smoothing the skin, nourishing and moisturizing; lifting effect; increasing skin elasticity; reducing the intensity of stretch marks.
Ingredients: collagen, wheat germ oil, chamomile extract, apricot oil, shea butter.

Emulsion Bepantol, Bayer

Price: about 1300 rub.
Form: cream and emulsion (emulsion is more effective!).
Used from 1 month of pregnancy and after childbirth.
Properties: deep skin nutrition; intensive hydration with prolonged stretching of the skin; smoothing and restoration of elasticity; prevention of stretch marks formation.
Free from dyes, parabens and preservatives.
Ingredients: centella asiatica (stimulation of collagen production), glycerin, provitamin B5, lipids, olive oil, dexpanthenol (note - in cells it is transformed into pantothenic acid), vitamins C and E.

Vichy cream

Price: about 2000 rub.
Used from the 4th month of pregnancy.
Properties: protection against stretch marks and discoloration of existing scars; increasing skin tone and elasticity, intense hydration, improving the overall condition of the skin; activation of collagen production.
Ingredients: Vichy thermal water, glycerin, silicon, bassia oil, tocopherol, hydroxyproline (to stimulate collagen synthesis).
Without fragrances and alcohol.

Cream 9 months

Price: about 400 rub.
It is used in any trimester of pregnancy, as well as before and after childbirth.
Properties: correction of existing stretch marks and protection from new ones; increasing the elasticity of the epidermis, deep hydration; stimulation of blood circulation and tonic effect; prevention of cellulite.
Ingredients: lipid system with active soybean and elastin peptides, natural antioxidants, complex of oils (jojoba, shea, wheat germ), natural grapefruit oil, echinacea extract, dimethicone, glycerin, vitamin PP.

Cream Clearvin

Price: about 140 rub.
Ayurvedic remedy.
Used from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy.
Properties: acceleration of skin regeneration; getting rid of sagging skin, as well as age spots and even bags under the eyes; improvement of skin texture and color; increased blood circulation; intense hydration.
Ingredients: petroleum jelly, Indian sesame oil, glycerin and dimethicone, herbal complex (aloe, turmeric longa, madder ruby, calamus root extract), beeswax, zinc oxide, boric acid.

Of course, the list of products in this TOP 10 is not exhaustive - there are other effective creams.

When choosing, follow our tips - and, of course, the advice of your doctor.

You should be guided by the composition based on the absence of harmful components and the presence of collagen and elastin or stimulators of their natural production.

During pregnancy, many young women develop stretch marks (stretch marks) on the skin of the abdomen, and less often on the breasts, thighs and buttocks, and it is almost impossible to completely get rid of them. Therefore, the prevention of stretch marks during pregnancy is of great importance, making it possible to prevent their occurrence or significantly reduce their severity.

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Striae in pregnant women

Stretch marks are smooth atrophic scars of a linear shape. They are located perpendicular to the force of maximum skin tension and are initially pinkish and then purple. Subsequently, the stretch marks smooth out even more and acquire a whitish color. The skin in the area of stretch marks is clearly demarcated from neighboring areas; there are no skin appendages, in particular hair follicles. At first (in the first trimester of pregnancy) they may appear on engorged and enlarged mammary glands, and from the beginning of the second trimester (17-18 weeks) - on the skin of the abdomen.

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Causes and mechanism of stretch marks formation

During pregnancy, the content of prolactin, estrogen, adrenal hormones, elastin in the blood increases significantly, the content of androgens, etc. decreases. All this leads to changes in metabolic processes in the woman’s body, loss of proteins, especially during gestosis, and an increase in the need for them, and also in vitamins and microelements.

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The metabolism of fats and carbohydrates also changes, body weight increases due to subcutaneous fat deposits, especially in the area of the anterior abdominal wall. In the postpartum period, a more or less pronounced postpartum neuroendocrine syndrome occurs, in which the body weight of some women increases by another 10 kg or more.

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At the early stage of scar formation, inflammatory processes occur in the dermis, in which glucocorticoids (hormones of the adrenal cortex) participate. Inflammation is accompanied by dermal edema, destruction of elastin fibers, decreased communication between collagen fibers, and atrophic processes.

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All this, against the background of an increase in the volume of the abdomen and mammary glands, leads to stretching of the skin and micro-tears of the connective tissue. Regenerative processes do not have time to restore collagen and elastin fibers, the connective tissue is replaced by inelastic scar tissue, which stretches even more, especially when the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall are underdeveloped, and stretch marks are formed.

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Principles of prevention

If a woman prevents stretch marks during pregnancy, then significant atrophic processes in the dermis do not occur. In the postpartum period, over the course of 2-3 months, with proper nutrition and an active physical regimen, doing abdominal exercises, etc., weight loss gradually occurs, the volume of the abdomen decreases, and stretch marks become almost invisible. Basically, the prevention of stretch marks on the skin consists of:

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Proper and rational nutrition, including a sufficient amount of foods with a high content of proteins, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and fiber.
Active lifestyle, physical activity using physical training complexes designed for pregnant women (in the absence of a threat of miscarriage).
The use of special underwear for pregnant women, a bra and bandage, which stretch as the mammary glands and abdomen enlarge, and also support the latter due to additional straps and devices. This greatly prevents tissue stretching.
The use of seaweed wraps, baths with pine needles or kelp extract, aromatic oils (for 15 minutes at a water temperature not exceeding 38 0), contrast showers and massage (if there is no threat of miscarriage). When taking a contrast shower, the water temperature should first be comfortable, then it should be raised to hot for half a minute, and then lowered to cold for the same amount of time. Under the shower, you can simultaneously massage with your palm using light stroking and circular movements.
The massage can also be carried out independently, sequentially, section by section, over the entire skin surface on which stretch marks may form - in the chest, abdomen and thighs. It is advisable to do this twice a day using gentle pinching techniques while lifting the skin. All these procedures help improve blood circulation in the skin, deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues, improve metabolic processes and, ultimately, they lead to increased skin tone and elasticity.
In the use of ready-made cosmetic preparations against stretch marks on the skin, as well as products prepared independently at home, harmless to the unborn child.

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Cosmetological prevention products

These include mainly creams and oils, although, in agreement with the gynecologist, it is sometimes possible to carry out mesotherapy with hyaluronic acid, vitamins, and plant extracts. You should not purchase medications in regular stores. It is better to do this in a pharmacy chain.

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Crema

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Each pharmacy cream for the prevention of stretch marks during pregnancy is hypoallergenic, does not contain chemical ingredients or irritants, and is easily absorbed. It usually contains natural extracts of plants and fruits, seaweed, as well as vitamins, especially vitamins “E”, “A”, “D”, amino acid serums, hyaluronic acid, vegetable oils - olive, rice bran, grape seeds, etc. .

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Pharmacy creams for the prevention of stretch marks include:

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"Green Mama", which contains extracts of spirulina and kelp algae, as well as natural essential oils; “Nine months”, “Collistar” with amino acids and vitamins “A”, “D”, “E”; “Mama Comfort”, including chamomile extract, horse chestnut, tea tree and olive oils and many other creams.

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Cosmetic oils

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Well moisturizes the skin, saturates it with vitamins and unsaturated fatty acids, microelements, antioxidants, gives it elasticity and firmness, natural oil for the prevention of stretch marks, which, like the cream, is advisable to combine with light stroking, circular, rolling skin folds and pinch massage techniques . Most of these oils also relieve itching and irritation, have anti-inflammatory and regeneration-stimulating effects, and reduce skin swelling.

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These include jojoba oil, shea tree oil, peach oil, avocado oil, apricot kernel oil, cocoa oil, almond oil, olive oil, grape seed oil, rosewood oil, sprouted wheat oil, geranium oil, etc.

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You cannot use ginger, cedar, and cypress oils, as well as thyme, tansy, and pennyroyal oils. They can increase the tone of the uterus and can provoke spontaneous miscarriage or premature birth.

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Before using a cream or oil, despite their benefits and harmlessness, you must read the instructions for the drug and apply a small amount to a limited area of the skin. If the next day there is no reaction in the form of redness or swelling of the skin in the area where the product was applied, it can be used.

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At home, you can prepare your own skin scrub from ground coffee beans (1 teaspoon), mixed with sour cream or any vegetable oil (1 tablespoon). To prepare the cream, the zest of one lemon, grated on a fine grater, is mixed with a glass of sour cream or yogurt and one tablespoon of olive oil.

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You can prepare a mixture of oils - apricot kernels (100 drops), jojoba (30 drops), lavender (10 drops), castor (60 drops); almond oil (100 ml), rose oil and vitamin “A” oil solution (10 drops each) and 15 drops of vitamin “E” oil solution.

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It is quite difficult to eliminate stretch marks after they have formed, since, in essence, this is damage to the skin, in the place of which scar tissue develops. It is possible to prevent or reduce the number and severity of stretch marks to a minimum only by following all the principles of preventing their occurrence.

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Many girls, especially those who often go on diets, know firsthand what stretch marks are. First, red scars appear on the body, which gradually turn white, but never disappear. From our article you will learn what prevention of stretch marks will help prevent the development of stretch marks, as well as the reasons for their appearance.

Causes of stretch marks

Prevention of striae formation involves a set of actions aimed at reducing the risk of their acquisition. After all, not only those who are losing weight, but also pregnant and nursing mothers dream that their body will always be beautiful and in perfect shape.

The main reasons for the formation of stretch marks are:

modification of hormonal levels;
taking hormone-based medications;
pregnancy;
heredity;
playing sports;
sudden weight gain or loss;
skin prone to dryness.

Stretch marks on the body appear due to the weakening of collagen fibers. In other words, new cells do not have time to form in order to replace the old ones. This often happens due to the fact that there is not enough water in the body, you are taking certain types of medications, rapid stretching of the skin that occurs over a long period.

Stretch marks occur due to increased secretion of cortisol. The formation of stretch marks in the thighs, buttocks and abdomen can occur due to puberty, pregnancy, and significant weight changes.

Most often, stretch marks appear in those people who quickly gain weight. Heredity also plays a huge role in the formation of stretch marks; if someone in your family suffered from stretch marks, then you too can become a carrier of them.

Video: Prevention of stretch marks

Prevention of stretch marks during pregnancy

Prevention of stretch marks during pregnancy comes down to self-massage. After the bath, you should thoroughly rub the body with a dry towel, then use light pinches to treat the skin of the abdomen clockwise until slightly red. Self-massage improves blood circulation in this way, which helps avoid stretch marks.

Moisturize your skin with oil or spray to avoid dry skin. Elastic underwear and a bandage will protect your body from developing stretch marks. Even before pregnancy, you can carry out a number of activities that will allow you not to think about whether you will have stretch marks or not.

Sign up for a vacuum or general massage, use vegetable oils after taking a shower. Periodically perform mud and algae wraps, as they enrich skin cells with vitamins and minerals.

Try to adhere to the following recommendations:

Stick to one weight. If you are not pregnant, then try to maintain your weight, but suddenly losing or gaining weight is prohibited.
Follow the principles of proper nutrition. Avoid flour and sweet products, and minimize your carbohydrate intake. Eat vegetables and fruits more often, include foods containing protein in your diet. Eat enough dairy products.
If you are keen on sports exercises, you should gradually increase the load so that new cells keep up with the stretching of the skin.
Follow all these tips during pregnancy, paying special attention to contrast showers.
From the second month of pregnancy, start using special care creams and oils for pregnant women, which are sold in large quantities in pharmacies. If you do not want to use such cosmetics, then use olive oil instead of cream.
If you are breastfeeding, wear special underwear made from natural materials. Wash your breasts every day with water at room temperature, use only a rough towel.

At home, you can use a special oil that will protect you from developing stretch marks. To prepare it, take 4 large spoons of almond oil and a large spoon of avocado oil, add 7 drops of lavender oil and 5 drops of neroli oil. Apply a small amount of this mixture daily to your stomach, thighs and chest, paying special attention to areas where stretch marks have already appeared. You can use this oil after childbirth, until your body returns to normal and your weight stabilizes.

Some scrubs that you can make at home will help you deal with stretch marks. Mix equal parts sugar, salt and olive oil. Rub into the skin for no more than 15 minutes, then rinse with warm water.

For another scrub you will need half a glass of ground coffee beans, half a small spoon of cinnamon, a couple of drops of olive oil. Mix everything and then apply to the body, rubbing in with light massaging movements.

Take sea salt and sugar, mix them in equal proportions, adding almond butter to the mixture. Pour in the oil until the mixture begins to resemble a paste. After this, rub the scrub into problem areas of the skin for 10 minutes. After each bath, the skin should be lubricated with baby or any moisturizer.

Perform periodic wraps that help effectively cope with skin imperfections. Pour 2 large spoons of chamomile into a mug of hot milk. Let the broth cool, then take a towel to wrap yourself with. Soak a towel in the broth, secure it with cellophane on top, wait 15 minutes, and then remove everything and dry the skin with a dry towel. After this, use any rich cream.

By following our recommendations, you can protect yourself from the appearance of unsightly white stripes on your skin. Health to you and good luck in everything!

Prevention of stretch marks in pregnant women (English)

Prevention of stretch marks in pregnant women