Indicators of the athlete's physical condition

When engaging in athletic training, it is necessary to regularly systematic and detailed accounting physical activity performed in order to observe the body’s reaction and maintain it at the most optimal level without compromising health. Journals or workbooks record: the amount of weights, the number of approaches, notes on technique, pulse reactions.

1. Erismann and Quetel index, Pignier and Broca-Brugsch formula, somatoscopy
2. Somatoscopy
3. Determining the degree of obesity
4. The influence of age on physical development
5. Determination of subjective indicators

Erismann and Quetel index, Pignier and Broca-Brugsch formula, somatoscopy

When implementing independent and medical control Both objective (using instruments) and subjective (mood, well-being, etc.) indicators are noted and entered into the observation diary.

Broca-Brugsch formula

For an approximate assessment of body weight (mass), the Broca-Brugsch formula is widely used, according to which the normal weight indicator for people with a height of 155-165 cm is calculated by subtracting 100 from the height indicator. For example, with a height of 166-175 cm, 105 is subtracted, for 176-185 - 100. Women need to have a little less weight. At the same time, people who exercise with weights usually have excess weight.

Quetel an index has been proposed for a comprehensive assessment of total weight/height indicators - the ratio of body weight (defined in grams) to its height (in centimeters). For men, its average value is [345-410] g/cm, for women – [320-385].

Individuals with fairly well-developed muscles may have higher rates.

Chest volume. Erisman index.

Athletic training helps increase chest circumference. This indicator measured in 3 phases:

1. a) in the stage of calm breathing (on pause),
2. b) maximum possible inhalation,
3. c) exhale as much as possible.

Measuring tape on the back it should be stretched under the lower corners of the shoulder blades, and in front - in men along the lower edge of the nipple circles, respectively in women - above the mammary gland. During the measurement, with maximum inhalation, you do not need to strain your muscles and raise your shoulders, and accordingly, when exhaling, you do not need to slouch. The development of the chest is judged by its excursions - the difference between the circumferences a) inhale And b) exhalation.

Pignier formula

Body strength can be calculated using the Pignier formula. It is determined by the following algorithm: standing height minus weight plus chest circumference measured during the exhalation stage:

Pin = Ro-Ve+OG

Ro - Height (cm). Ve—weight (kg). OG - chest circumference during exhalation (cm).

If in adults the Pinier index is:

1. a) less than 10 - they have a strong physique;
2. b) 10-20 - good;
3. c) 21-25 - average;
4. d) 26-35 - frail;
5. e) 36 and above - extremely weak.

Somatoscopy

Somatoscopy (external examination of the body) are carried out in front of a mirror, starting from the front, continuing from the side and from the back. Posture will be considered good if the head and body are on the same vertical, while the shoulders are turned, slightly lowered and located at the same level. The chest (or rather the rib cage) is slightly raised and protrudes forward, while the stomach is slightly retracted, your shoulder blades look symmetrical and do not stand out particularly, your legs are straightened at the joints. Special strength exercises help develop correct posture.

Fat deposition assessed using caliper or, in another way, sliding a compass along the thickness of the skin-fat fold in men - in the abdominal area directly opposite the navel, 5 cm away from the center line; respectively, in women - in the area of ​​the back under the lower corner of the shoulder blade. For the thickness of the skin-fat fold:

1. a) fat deposition up to 1 cm is considered small,
2. b) 1-2 - average,
3. c) 3 or more - large.

1. I) in the back area below the angle of the shoulder blade;
2. II) breast at the level of the 4th rib along the so-called axillary edge (this indicator is not measured in women);
3. III) abdomen at the level of the navel, retreating 5 centimeters to the right;
4. IV) on the front and back surfaces of the shoulder, approximately in its middle;
5. V) on the inner surface of the forearm;
6. VI) on the front surface of the thigh slightly below the inguinal fold;
7. VII) on the dorsum of the lower leg - in the area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle.

Then the data obtained is summed up and divided by 16. This figure quite objectively characterizes the dynamics of fat mass. If the indicator of skin-fat folds remained unchanged for some time during training, and the circumference of the shoulder, thigh, and lower leg increased, there was an increase in muscle mass, and this indirectly indicates an increase in strength, since muscle strength is directly proportional to the muscle cross-section.

Determining the degree of obesity

An increase in body weight due to an increase in the fat component to 10% above the norm is considered to be a condition preceding obesity, and this is already a disease. Exists four degrees of obesity:

1. I) body weight exceeds the recommended norm by 10-29%,
2. II) 30-40,
3. III) 50-90,
4. IV) 100% or more.

^{* We provide this information solely for informational purposes, and we hope that since you are readers of our site, then determining the degree of obesity is definitely of no use to you. Although, anything can happen... Everyone starts somewhere...}

The influence of age on physical development

Changes in the indicative characteristics of physical development under the influence of regular fitness and bodybuilding exercises, and sports in general, allow us to draw conclusions about how rationally the loads are dosed, taking into account the age of those involved. In the process of growth and continuous improvement of the body, indicators of physical development increase quite quickly, and in old age they decrease. If, under the influence of exercise, this tendency slows down or stops, this means that the training has a positive effect.

Mood It is considered good when a person feels self-confident, calm, cheerful, satisfactory - is in an insufficient emotional state, unsatisfactory - confused, depressed, oppressed.

Well-being It is considered good if an athlete feels a sense of vigor, strength, and desire to train; satisfactory - with slight lethargy, fatigue; bad - when there is pronounced weakness, decline in performance, a depressed, depressed state, unpleasant pain in the muscles, headaches. In the one we described earlier self-control diary It is required to indicate the occurrence of pain during (or after) any exercise, its degree, duration, etc. If pain occurs in the heart area, you should consult a doctor. After exercise, as a rule, fatigue sets in, and if it goes away quickly, the load was light, after 2-3 hours it was medium. If fatigue persists for a day or more, the loads were heavy. Therefore, you can start the next lesson only after being completely rested, otherwise you may become overtired and lose the desire to train.

The desire to study in a diary is characterized by the following brief definitions:

a) “big”, b) “indifferent”, c) “no desire”.

Conclusion

An objective assessment of the effect of physical activity on the body can only be given by taking into account the total indicators characterizing the general condition of the main functional systems: respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous.