Working on technology

The concept of sports technique and some ways, means and methods of its improvement:

Despite significant differences in the methods of teaching and improving sports technique in various groups of sports, there are a number of general methodological provisions used to improve sports and technical skills.

What are the main ways to improve sports equipment?

First of which is associated with clarification (increase and improvement) of the coordination structure of movements. Second correlates with improving sports technique by increasing the athlete’s motor potential. And, for a snack, third The direction of improving sports equipment is related to its reliability and immunity to interference from disruptive and distracting factors.

Thus, depending on the degree of sports and technical preparedness of the athlete, educational and training work should be planned taking into account one or several areas in improving technique.

Improving the coordination structure of movements the athlete is carried out during the entire long-term training. As a rule, in this case, one of the phases undergoes restructuring, the movements of which are not rational and, as a result, ineffective.

Determination of violations of the kinematics of movements in this or another phase is made through visual observation (if possible) or as a result of the use of accelerated (rapid) filming. Then the athlete, together with the coach, repeatedly looks through the entire sequence of movements on the screen and finds the “defective” phase. Moreover, in order to compare your student’s movement technique with reference samples, you need to have film footage (preferably film footage) of the technique of leading masters of sports.

Thus, the first stage in identifying shortcomings in a technique, in its coordination structure, is a creative search by the student and coach associated with the study of movements (sometimes it is advisable to take measurements from film that are necessary to obtain the characteristics of speeds and accelerations of movements).

Having identified disturbances in the coordination of movements, you can proceed to work on eliminating these disturbances and restructuring movements. As coaching practice shows, this path is extremely difficult and painstaking. The methods used for this purpose are analytical And synthetic.

To determine the level of strength and speed-strength qualities of various muscle groups, a polydynamometer technique can be used, which then makes it possible to obtain a dynamometer profile of the strength of a given athlete (in absolute or relative units) and compare these indicators with the model characteristics of high-class athletes.

Further development of speed-strength abilities takes into account the principle of correspondence, that is, the magnitude of the force developed, the speed of the force developed over time, a specific joint angle and amplitude of movement, which must correspond to the main competitive exercise or its individual phase.

Insufficient general and special endurance can also negatively affect the coordination structure of sports equipment. Studies show that progressive hypoxia caused a reduction in the duration of the flight phases of movement in a runner (with an increase in the duration of the support phases). At the same time, dissonance was observed in the bioelectrical activity of working muscles. Therefore, especially in cyclic movements (mainly when they are performed as quickly or as long as possible), the athlete’s endurance has a direct impact on the coordination structure of the motor action. Improvement in technique here follows the principle of combining the main competitive exercise with high-intensity or long-term loads performed in the mode and regulations of competition in one’s sport.

In terms of the third direction - improving sports technique and reliability under the influence of disruptive factors - it should be noted that this process lasts throughout the athlete’s many years of training.

Improving the noise immunity of sports equipment follows the path of adaptive restructuring of the neuromuscular system and improving the regulatory mechanisms of movement control under the influence of the above exogenous (external) and endogenous (internal) factors.

For this purpose, the training process uses:

1. training under conditions of increased mental tension;
2. training against a background of progressive fatigue;
3. training (control competition) in the presence of spectators (demonstration performances in parks, cultural centers, etc.);
4. training in difficult conditions (opposition in the minority, fight or fight with a stronger sparring partner).

Now, having mastered all of the above, you will better understand the concept of sports technique, and how it needs to be improved... Positive training to you!